تحلیل تطبیقی منظر فرهنگی با اتکاء بر هم‌سنجی دیدگاه متخصصان، شواهد میدانی و رویکردهای عمومی هوش مصنوعی

• درودیان، سیاوش. (۱۳۹۴). منظر، منظر طبیعی، منظر فرهنگی. منظر ۷(۳۲)، ص۸۲-۸۷.
• مهدی‌آبادی، م.زمانی‌فرد، ع.، امیرشاکرمی، س. ع. (۱۴۰۲). رهیافتی برخوانش مؤلفه‌های منظر فرهنگی تاق‌بستان. مطالعات باستان‌شناسی پارسه، 7 (26)، 145-176.
• شهسوارگر، مولود. (۱۳۹۰). تداوم منظر فرهنگی؛ احیا و بازآفرینی یک باغ تاریخی. منظر، 3(17)، 54-59.
• باورساد، م.، و انصاری، م. (۱۳۹۵). - مدیریت و توسعۀ پایدار منظر فرهنگی چشمۀ علی‌ری. علوم و تکنولوژی محیط‌زیست، ۱۸ (3)، ۲۲۳-۲۳۵.
• طالب‌نیا، پ.، و قادریان، ا. (۱۴۰۳). تجارب مستندسازی بافت‌های روستایی در منظر فرهنگی هورامان. دانش حفاظت و مرمت، 7 (2)، 115-122.
• گودرزیان، شروین. (1391). بازآفرینی منظر فرهنگی؛ رویکردهای منظرین در احیای باغ تاریخی بابر. منظر، 4(19)، 46-51.
• Agnoletti, M. (Ed.). (2006). The conservation of cultural landscapes. Cabi.
• Al-Attar, A., Wu, Y., Fetzer, E., & Alwah, A. (2025, February). Study of the characteristics of the mountainous cultural landscape in Yemen: mountain cities, mountain villages, and cultivated terraces. In Journal of Physics: Conference Series(Vol. 2958, No. 1, p. 012004). IOP Publishing.
• Almy III, D. J. (2025). Sustaining the cultural landscape in the city of Bath, Maine. WIT Transactions on Ecology and the Environment, 84.
• Alrayyan, K., & Clements, T. (2022). Genealogy of cultural landscape definitions: a comparative review of scholarly and institutional definitions. Landscape Research Record, (11), 140-55.
• Arnaiz-Schmitz, C., Aguilera, P. A., Ropero, R. F., & Schmitz, M. F. (2023). Detecting social-ecological resilience thresholds of cultural landscapes along an urban–rural gradient: a methodological approach based on Bayesian Networks. Landscape Ecology, 38(12), 3589-3604.
• Bin, H. U., Yiwei, Z. O. U., & Ruoshi, M. A. (2021). Comprehensive Investigation and Evaluation System of Rural Cultural Landscape Heritage. Landscape Architecture, 28(9), 109-114.
• Birks, H. H. (1988). The cultural landscape: past, present and future. Cambridge University Press.
• Bloemers, T., Kars, H., Van der Valk, A., & Wijnen, M. (2010). The cultural landscape and heritage paradox. Protection and development of the Dutch archaeological-historical landscape and its European dimension.
• Hasim, I. S., Widiastuti, I., & Sudradjat, I. (2023). Symbolic interactionism in vernacular cultural landscape research. ARTEKS: Jurnal Teknik Arsitektur, 8(1), 135-144.
• He, D., Chen, W., & Zhang, J. (2024). Integrating heritage and environment: characterization of cultural landscape in Beijing great wall heritage area. Land, 13(4), 536.
• Hood, J. E. (1996). Cultural Landscape. Landscape archaeology: Reading and interpreting the American historical landscape, 121.
• Howell, K. L., Gough, M. Z., & Cameron, H. M. (2025). “Why are we asking for a seat at the table that our ancestors created for us?” The importance of cultural landscapes and power in urban planning. Journal of Urban Affairs, 47(4), 1287-1308.
• Jacques, D. (1995). The rise of cultural landscapes. International Journal of Heritage Studies, 1(2), 91-101.
• Kiani, K., & Khakzand, M. (2024). The structure, concept and identity of traditional Chinese gardens. Landscape History, 45(2), 101-120.
• Kiani, K., Zandieh, M., Medi, H., & Zarrabi, M. M. (2025). Unveiling the Geometric Elegance: A Comparative Analysis of Historical Garden Structures and Spatial Relations. Landscape online, 1135-1135.
• Kishkenbaeva, Z., & Baisarina, Z. (2024). Assessment of the Value Levels of the Categories of Cultural Heritage, Cultural Landscape, and Cultural Tourism from an Interdisciplinary Perspective (based on Alakol lake). Bulletin of LN Gumilyov Eurasian National University. Historical Sciences. Philosophy. Religious Studies, 149(4), 210-225.
• Legacy, S. (2002). Cultural Landscapes: the Challenges of Conservation.
• Li, G., Chen, B., Zhu, J., & Sun, L. (2024). Traditional Village research based on culture-landscape genes: a Case of Tujia traditional villages in Shizhu, Chongqing, China. Journal of Asian Architecture and Building Engineering, 23(1), 325-343.
• Li, J., Xiao, Y., Yan, J., Liang, C., & Zhong, H. (2025). Spatiotemporal evolution characteristics and causative analysis of toponymic cultural landscapes in traditional villages in Northern Guangdong, China. Sustainability, 17(1), 271.
• Plumwood, V. (2006). The concept of a cultural landscape: Nature, culture and agency in the land. Ethics and the Environment, 115-150.
• Plumwood, V. (2006). The concept of a cultural landscape: Nature, culture and agency in the land. Ethics and the Environment, 115-150.
• Reiß, A., Hadler, H., Wilken, D., Majchczack, B. S., Blankenfeldt, R., Bäumler, S., ... & Vött, A. (2025). The Trendermarsch sunken in the Wadden Sea (North Frisia, Germany)–reconstructing a drowned medieval cultural landscape with geoarchaeological and geophysical investigations. E&G Quaternary Science Journal, 74(1), 37-57.
• Rose, M. (2006). Gathering ‘dreams of presence’: a project for the cultural landscape. Environment and planning D: society and space, 24(4), 537-554.
• Rowntree, L. B., & Conkey, M. W. (1980). Symbolism and the cultural landscape. Annals of the Association of American Geographers, 70(4), 459-474.
• Schaich, H., Bieling, C., & Plieninger, T. (2010). Linking ecosystem services with cultural landscape research. Gaia-Ecological Perspectives for Science and Society, 19(4), 269-277.
• Taylor, K. (2008). Landscape and Memory: cultural landscapes, intangible values and some thoughts on Asia.
• Taylor, K. (2012). Landscape and meaning: Context for a global discourse on cultural landscapes values. Managing cultural landscapes, 21-44.
• Tua, K. J., Caballero, G. V. A., & Aquino-Ong, S. C. (2025). Philippine landscape heritage education: review of the preparedness of landscape architecture curricula in the Philippines for cultural landscape heritage conservation specialization. Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development, 15(2), 274-305.
• Von Haaren, C. (2002). Landscape planning facing the challenge of the development of cultural landscapes. Landscape and urban planning, 60(2), 73-80.
• Vos, W., & Meekes, H. (1999). Trends in European cultural landscape development: perspectives for a sustainable future. Landscape and urban planning, 46(1-3), 3-14.
• Wang, Q., Ariffin, N. F. M., Abdul, F., & Aziz, X. Z. (2025). Theoretical Foundations and Methodological Frameworks for Visual Quality Assessment in Cultural Landscapes.

UNESCO World Heritage Centre. (2025). Cultural landscapes. UNESCO World Heritage Centre. Retrieved November 14, 2025, from https://whc.unesco.org/en/culturallandscape