| تعداد نشریات | 24 |
| تعداد شمارهها | 933 |
| تعداد مقالات | 8,377 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 16,959,679 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 14,362,333 |
Effects of wind erosion and aeolian sediments caused by drought on the distribution and diversity of clay minerals in a part of Mesopotamia, Iran | ||
| Iran Agricultural Research | ||
| دوره 45، شماره 2، 2026، صفحه 76-88 اصل مقاله (798.45 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: Research Paper | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22099/iar.2026.55429.1737 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| Siroos Jafari* 1؛ Saeed Maravny1؛ Ali Azhdari2؛ Mahdi Mashal2 | ||
| 1Department of Soil Science and Engineering, Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, Mollasani, Khuzestan, I. R. Iran | ||
| 2Geological Survey and Mineral Exploration of Southwestern Iran, Ahwaz, I. R. Iran | ||
| چکیده | ||
| This study evaluated the effects of drought‑induced wind erosion and aeolian sediments on clay mineral distribution and diversity in the Mesopotamia region of Iran. Soil and sediment samples were collected from 15 locations, representing different land‑use types. Clay minerals were identified using X‑ray diffraction (XRD). Standard laboratory procedures enabled the measurement of soil physicochemical properties: pH, electrical conductivity (EC), sodium adsorption ratio (SAR), and organic matter (OM). The results indicated that soils in the study area are strongly saline‑sodic with pH values ranging from 7.8 to 9.2, their EC between 12 and 45 dS m–1, and SAR values between 15 and 45 (meq L–1)0.5. These conditions, combined with very low organic matter content (< 1%), significantly increased soil susceptibility to wind erosion. Clay mineralogical analysis revealed that kaolinite (20–30%) is the most abundant mineral, followed by illite (15–25%), and smectite (20–30%). Sepiolite or similar fibrous clay minerals occur in smaller proportions (2–10%). The expansion and contraction behavior of smectite contributes to soil cracking and structural instability, facilitating wind erosion processes. In addition, highly saline groundwater (> 32 dS m–1) restricts vegetative growth, further exposing soil surfaces to erosion. The results demonstrated that wind erosion plays an important role in redistributing clay minerals through aeolian transport, thereby influencing mineralogical diversity across the region. These findings provide important insights into soil degradation mechanisms in arid environments and emphasize the need for sustainable land management strategies to reduce wind erosion. | ||
| کلیدواژهها | ||
| Degradation؛ Saline؛ Smectite؛ Soil؛ XRD | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
Abdoli, Y., & Jafari, S. (2017). The effect of topography and irrigation on soil development and clay mineral diversity of Khuzestan’s gypsic soils. Journal of Water and Soil, 32(6), 1149-1164. https://doi.org/10.29252/jstnar.22.1.387
Albadran, B. N. (2021). Sedimentology and mineralogy of quaternary sediments of marshes, south of Iraq. In L. A. Jawad (Ed.), Southern Iraq''s Marshes (pp. 307-328). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-66238-7_11
Azoogh, L., Khalili Moghadam, B., & Jafari, s. (2018). Interaction of petroleum mulching, vegetation restoration and dust fallout on the conditions of sand dunes in southwest of Iran. Aeolian Research, 32, 124-132. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aeolia.2018.01.007
Banaei, M. H. (1999). Map of moisture and temperature soil regimes in Iran. Scale 1: 2500000. Soil and water research institute, Iran.
Broomandi, P., Dabir, B., Bonakdarpour, B., & Rashidi, Y. (2017). Identification of dust storm origin in South– West of Iran. Journal of Environmental Health Science and Engineering, 15(1), 1-14. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40201-017-0280-4
Chorom, M., Baghrnejad, M., & Jafari, S. (2009). Influence of rotation cropping and sugarcane production on the clay mineral assemblage. Applied Clay Science, 46, 385-395.
Colazo, J., & Buschiazzo, D. (2015). The impact of agriculture on soil texture due to wind erosion. Land Degradation. 26, 62-70. https://doi.org/10.1002/ldr.2297
Galan, E., & Singer, A. (2011). Developments in palygorskite-sepiolite research. A New Outlook on these Nanomaterials. Development of Clay Sciences. 1– 3, Elsevier.
Gee, G., & Bauder, J. (1986). Particle-size analysis, In: Klute, A. (Ed.), Methods of Soil Analysis. Part1, 2nded: Agronomy Monograph. Vol.9, SSSA, Madison, WI, pp., 377-381.
Ghorban Lovineh, N., Jafari, S., & Khalili Moghadam, B. (2015). Study of clay minerals diversity in young soils derived from marine sediments. 22th symposium of crystallography and mineralogy of Iran, Shiraz University, Iran.
Grim, R. (1962). Applied clay mineralogy. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Hassanizadeh, S., & Jafari, S. (2021). Changes in physicochemical properties of old stabilized sand dunes due to atmospheric sediments and diversity of clay minerals in a dry area. Aeolian Research, 50, 100674. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aeolia.2021.100674
Nelson, R.E. (1982). Carbonate and gypsum. In: Page, A.L. (Ed.), Methods of Soil Analysis,part2. American Society of Agronomy, Madison, WI, pp, 181-199.
Jackson, M. L. (1975). Soil chemical analysis-advanced course. University of Wisconsin, College of Agric., Department of Soils, Madison, WI.
Jafari S., M. Karimzadeh, & A. Abd-Shahi. (2021). Investigation of carbonate distribution in particle-size fractions of selected soils in Khuzestan Province. Water and Soil Science Journal, 25(2), 119-133. https://doi.org/10.47176/jwss.25.2.12326
Jafari, S. (2014). Identify and classification of soils diversity in Khuzestan province. Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University of Khuzestan. Research project No. 911-81. (In Persian). 911-81.
Jafari, S. (2020). Effects of dam construction and the Karoon River’s change of hydrology regime on soil salinity and dust storms of khuzestan plain. Irrigation Sciences and Engineering, 43(1), 157-172. https://doi.org/10.22055/jise.2018.20709.1490
Jafari, S., & Bazrekar, H. (2022). Relationship between drainage composition and clay minerals evolution under heavily irrigated sugarcane cultivation in southwest Iran. Catena, 213, 106088. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.catena.2022.106088
Jafari, S., & Hessanizadeh, S. (2023). Mineralogy assemblage of sand dunes in Khuzestan Province, Iran. Iran Agricultural Research, 41(2), https://doi.org/10.22099/iar.2023.43750.1491
Jafari, S., & Nadian, H. (2014). The study of a toposequence soil series and clay mineral assemblage in some soils of Khuzestan province. Journal of water and soil science, Isfahan University of Techonlogy, Fall, Year, 69, (In Persian). https://doi.org/20.1001.1.24763594.1393.18.69.13.0
Jafari, S., Bandeh Elahi, F., & Khalili Moghadam, B. (2017). The study of clay and soil development that effected by drainage and land use on the Karoon River. Journal of Iranian Soil and Water Research, 47, 1-12 (In Persian). https://doi.org/10.22059/ijswr.2016.57973
Jafari, S., Bordbar, E., & Ghanian, M. (2019). Comparison of the results of three methods for measuring the amount of diffusible clay in Khuzestan soils. Journal of Iranian Soil and Water Research, 50(1), 124-134. https://doi.org/10.22059/ijswr.2018.246794.667803
Jiao, L., Wang, X., & Li, D. (2018). Spatial variation in the flux of atmospheric deposition and its ecological effects in arid Asia. Aeolian research, 32, 71-91. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aeolia.2018.01.008
Johns, W., Grim, R., & Bradley, W. (1954). Quantitative estimations of clay minerals by diffraction methods; publication. Journal of Sedimentary Petrology, 24, 242– 251.
Kittrick, J., & Hoppe, E. (1963). A procedure for the particle size separation of soils for X-ray diffraction analysis. Soil Science, 96, 312-325.
Mehra, O., & Jackson, M. (1960). Iron oxide removal from soils and clays by a dithionite-citrate system with sodium bicarbonate. Clays Clay Minerals, 7, 317-327.
Pishgir, M., and Jafari, S. (2014). Comparison between potassium and ammonium fixation by clays in different agriculture systems. Journal of water and soil science, Isfahan University of Technology, 18(69), 237-250. (In persian)
Qadir, M., Oster, J., Schubert, S., Noble, A., & Sahrawat, K. (2007). Phytoremediation of sodic and saline-sodic soils. Advances in Agronomy, 96,197-247.
Rangzan, N., and Jafari, S. (2017). The effect of soil forming factors on the amount and diversity of clay minerals in the soils and deposits originated from Karoon River in Khuzestan province. Ramin Agriculture and Natural Resources University of Khuzestan. Research project No. 33/95/106. (In Persian)
UNEP/UN. (2001). The mesopotamian marshlands: demise of an ecosystem. Division of early warning and assessment. United Nations Environment Program, Nairobi, Kenya.TR01-3.
United State Salinity Laboratory Staff, (1954). Diagnosis and improvement of saline and alkali soils, USDA Handbook. 60. Washington, DC.
Walkley, A., and Balck, I. (1934). An examination of the degty are method for determination of soil organic matter and proposed modification of chronic acid method. Soil Science, 37, 29-38.
Zarasvandi, A., Carranza, E., Moore, F., & Rastmanesh, F. (2011). Spatio-temporal occurrences and mineralogical–geochemical characteristics of airborne dusts in Khuzestan Province (southwestern Iran). Journal of Geochemical Exploration, 111(3), 138-151. https://doi.org/20.1001.1.24763594.1393.18.69.20.7
| ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 49 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 48 |
||