| تعداد نشریات | 24 |
| تعداد شمارهها | 876 |
| تعداد مقالات | 7,821 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 14,412,829 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 12,219,953 |
Seroprevalence and carrier status of Leptospira spp. in rats captured in the central northern region of Algeria | ||
| Iranian Journal of Veterinary Research | ||
| دوره 26، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 91، 2025، صفحه 123-129 اصل مقاله (515.89 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: Full paper (Original article) | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22099/ijvr.2025.51165.7583 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| L. Lekhal* 1، 2؛ A. Amara Korba3؛ F. Ghalmi4، 5 | ||
| 1Laboratory of Biotechnologies related to Animal Reproduction, Institute of Veterinary Sciences, route de Soumaa, Blida 09000, Algeria | ||
| 2Department of Veterinary Sciences, Institute of Veterinary Sciences, Saad Dahlab University Blid1, Blida 09000, Algeria | ||
| 3Leptospira Unit, Pasteur Institute Algeria, Rue 1 Docteur Laveran, El Hamma Anassers Algiers, Algeria | ||
| 4Dapertment of Veterinary Sciences, Higher National Veterinary School, Oued Smar, Algiers 016000, Algeria | ||
| 5Local Animal Resources Management Laboratory, Higher National Veterinary School, Oued Smar, Algiers 016000, Algeria | ||
| چکیده | ||
| Background: Leptospirosis is a zoonosis with a large distribution in the globe, and Leptospira spp. is responsible for the disease. Mammalians can serve as reservoir hosts of the bacteria; however, rodents, particularly rats, are known to be the most important reservoir, principally, for Leptospira interrogans serovar Icterohaemorrhagiae. In Algeria, few data are available concerning the circulation of the Leptospira bacterium in human and in animals including rodents. Aims: Our study aimed to bring to light the importance of rats as reservoir host of Leptospira spp. in the city of Blida, Algeria. Methods: A total of 100 rats including 88 Rattus norvegicus and 12 Rattus rattus were captured, their serums were tested for antibodies by Microscopique Agglutination Test (MAT), and their kidneys and livers were subjected to culture in Ellinghausen, McCullough, Johnson and Harris (EMJH) medium. Results: Our study revealed a sero-prevalence of 43% (95% CI: 33.3-52.7%), the most common infecting serogroup was Icterohaemorrhagiae 11% (11/100), and the highest titer was register for the serogroup Canicola 1:2560. No statistical difference was recorded between the two sexes, the classes of age, and the rat’s species; However, rats captured in urban area seemed to be more infected than those captured in rural area. Organs culture confirmed the carrying status of the bacteria with prevalence of 8%. Conclusion: Our survey confirms the role of rat as reservoir host of Leptospira, and provides valuable data on the epidemiology of leptospirosis in this animal. Therefore, rat population control in the city of Blida is important to prevent outbreaks of leptospirosis in human and in other animals. | ||
| کلیدواژهها | ||
| Blida؛ Culture؛ Leptospirosis؛ MAT؛ Rat | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
Adler, B and de laPeña Moctezuma, A (2010). Leptospira and leptospirosis. Vet. Microbiol., 140: 287-296.
Afiri, M (2013). Renal manifestations of leptospirosis: 88 cases. Med. Sante Trop., 23: 234-235.
Afiri, M; Toudeft, F and AitKaid, D (2013). Leptospirosis epidemic: 48 cases. Med. Sante Trop., 23: 234. https://doi. org/10.1684/mst.2013.0203.
Ahmad, SN; Shah, S and Ahmad, FMH (2005). Laboratory diagnosis of leptospirosis. J. Posgrad. Med., 51: 195-200.
Ahmim, M (2004). Mammals of Algeria. From the Origins to the Present Day. Ministry of Territorial Planning and Environment, Algiers, Algeria. PP: 196-200.
Athapattu, TPJ; Fernando, BR; Koizumi, N and Gamage, CD (2019). Detection of pathogenic leptospires in the urine of domesticated elephants in Sri Lanka. Acta Trop., 195: 78-82.
Ayral, F; Zilber, AL; Bicout, DJ; Kodjo, A; Artois, M and Djelouadji, Z (2015). Distribution of Leptospira interrogans by multispacer sequence typing in urban Norway rats (Rattus norvegicus): A survey in France in 2011-2013. PLoS One. 10: e0139604. https://doi.org/10. 1371/journal.pone.0139604.
Bahman, M; Masoud, GN; Reza, A and Gholamreza, A (2013). A serological survey on leptospiral infection among wild rats (Rattus rattus) of Ahvaz district, southwest of Iran: A preliminary study. Jundishapur J. Microbiol., 6: 66-71.
Benseghir, H; Amara-Korba, A; Azzag, N; Hezil, D and Ghalmi, F (2020). Seroprevalence of and associated risk factors for Leptospira interrogans serovar hardjo infection of cattle in Setif, Algeria. Afr. J. Clin. Exp. Microbiol., 21: 185-191.
Bharti, AR; Nally, JE; Ricaldi, JN; Matthias, MA; Diaz, MM; Lovett, MA; Levett, PN; Gilman, RH; Willig, MR and Gotuzzo, E (2003). Leptospirosis: A zoonotic disease of global importance. Lancet Infect. Dis., 3: 757-771.
Boey, K; Shiokawa, K and Rajeev, S (2019). Leptospira infection in rats: A literature review of global prevalence and distribution. PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis., 13: e0007499. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0007499.
Caimi, K and Ruybal, P (2020). Leptospira spp., a genus in the stage of diversity and genomic data expansion. Infect. Genet. Evol., 81: 104241. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.meegid. 2020.104241.
Costa, F; Hagan, JE; Calcagno, J; Kane, M; Torgerson, P; Martinez-Silveira, MS; Stein, C; Abela-Ridder, B and Ko, AI (2015). Global morbidity and mortality of leptospirosis: A systematic review. PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis., 9: e0003898. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0003898.
Derdour, SY; Hafsi, F; Azzag, N; Tennah, S; Laamari, A; China, B and Ghalmi, F (2017). Prevalence of the main infectious causes of abortion in dairy cattle in Algeria. J. Vet. Res., 61: 337-343.
Di Azevedo, MIN and Lilenbaum, W (2021). An overview on the molecular diagnosis of animal leptospirosis. Lett. Appl. Microbiol., 72:496-508.
Felt, SA; Wasfy, MO; El-Tras, WF; Samir, A; Abdel Rahaman, B; Boshra, M; Parker, TM; Hatem, ME; El-Bassiouny, AA; Murray, CK and Pimentel, G (2011). Cross-species surveillance of Leptospira in domestic and peri-domestic animals in Mahalla city, Gharbeya Governorate, Egypt. Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg., 83: 420-425.
Gajdov, V; Jokic, G; Savic, S; Zekic, M; Blazic, T; Rajkovic, M and Petrovic, T (2024). Genotyping of Leptospira spp. in wild rats leads to first time detection of L. kirshneri serovar Mozdok in Serbia. Front. Microbiol., 28: 1379021. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2024.1379021.
Garcia-Lopez, M; Lurier, T; Bouilloud, M; Pradel, J; Tatard, C; Sepulveda, D; Anfray, G; Dussert, J; Bourhy, P; Charbonnel, N and Djelouadji, Z (2024). Prevalence, genetic diversity and eco-epidemiology of pathogenic Leptospira species in small mammal communities in urban parks Lyon city, France. PLoS One. 19: e0300523. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone. 0300523.
Geisen, V; Stengel, C; Brem, S; Muller, W; Greene, C and Hartmann, K (2007). Canine leptospirosis infections: clinical signs and outcome with different suspected Leptospira serogroups (42 cases). J. Small Anim. Pract., 48: 324-328.
Hamond, C; Martins, G; Loureiro, AP; Pestana, C; Lawson-Ferreira, R; Medeiros, MA and Lilenbaum, W (2014). Urinary PCR as an increasingly useful tool for an accurate diagnosis of leptospirosis in livestock. Vet. Res. Commun., 38: 81-85.
Herbreteau, V; Jittapalapong, S; Rerkamnuaychoke, W; Chaval, Y; Cosson, JF and Morand, S (2011). Protocols for field and laboratory rodent studies. Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand. PP: 20-23.
Kosossey-Vrain, C (2004). Canine leptospirosis: bibliographical review. Med. Vet. ENVA. 135: 77-94.
Lazuga, K and Bonnefous, S (1962). Contribution to the study of leptospirosis in rats in the city of Tunis. Arch. Past. Instit. Tunis. 39: 49-65.
Lekhal, L; Harran, E; Aragon, A; Groud, K; Le Guyader, M; Kaidi, R; Khelef, D and Djelouadji, Z (2022). First molecular detection of pathogens Leptospira in common rodent captured in north Algeria urban areas. Trop. Med. Infect. Dis., 7: 335. https://doi.org/10.3390/tropicalmed 7110335.
Levett, PN (2001). Leptospirosis. Clin. Microbiol. Rev., 14: 296-326.
Limmathurotsakul, D; Turner, EL; Wuthiekanun, V; Thaipadungpanit, J; Suputtamongkol, Y; Chierakul, W; Smythe, LD; Day, NP; Cooper, B and Peacock, SJ (2012). Fool’s gold: Why imperfect reference tests are undermining the evaluation of novel diagnostics: a reevaluation of 5 diagnostic tests for leptospirosis. Clin. Infect., 55: 322-331.
Loan, HK; Cuong, NV; Takhampunya, R; Kiet, BT; Campbell, J; Them, LN; Bryant, JE; Tippayachai, B; Hoang, NV; Morand, S; Hien, VB and Carrique-Mas, JJ (2015). How important are rats as vectors of leptospirosis in the Mekong Delta of Vietnam? Vector-Borne Zoonotic Dis., 15: 56-64.
Musso, D and La Scola, B (2013). Laboratory diagnosis of leptospirosis: A challenge. J. Microbiol. Immunol. Infect., 46: 245-252.
Noh, MA; Masri, SN; Zulkapli, A; Mohd Ali, MR and Amran, F (2024). Leptospira infection and carrier survey on rats from wet market areas in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. J. Vector Borne Dis., 61: 43-50.
O’Keefe, JS; Jenner, JA; Sandifer, NC; Antony, A and Williamson, NB (2002). A serosurvey for antibodies to Leptospira in dogs in the lower North Island of New Zealand. N. Z. Vet. J., 50: 23-25.
Perez-Garcia, J; Monroy, FP and Agudelo-Florez, P (2022). Canine leptospirosis in a northwestern region of Colombia: serological, molecular and epidemiological factors. Pathogens. 11: 1040. https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens 11091040.
Picardeau, M (2013). Diagnosis and epidemiology of leptospirosis. Médecine et Maladies Infectieuses. 43: 1-9.
Postic, D; Merien, F; Perolat, P and Baranton, G (2000). Biological diagnosis leptospirosis - Lyme borreliosis. 2nd Edn., Paris, Collection of Reference and Expertise Laboratories. Pasteur Institute in Paris. PP: 177-186. Samir, A; Soliman, RK; El-Hariri, M; Abdel-Moein, K and Essam Hatem, M (2015). Leptospirosis in animals and human contacts in Egypt: broad range surveillance. Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop., 48: 272-277.
Samrot, AV; Sean, TC; Bhavya, KS; Sahithya, CS; Chan-Drasekaran, S; Palanisamy, R; Robinson, ER; Subbiah, SK and Mok, PL (2021). Leptospiral infection, pathogenesis and its diagnosis-a review. Pathogens. 10: 145. https://doi.org/ 10.3390/pathogens10020145.
Schweinfurth, MK (2020). The social life of Norway rats (Rattus norvegicus). elife. 9: e54020. https://doi.org/10. 7554/eLife.54020.
Scialfa, E; Giamperetti, S; Brihuega, B; Grune, S; Aguirre, P and Gallicchio, O (2013). Leptospirosis in synanthropic animals captured in peri-urban areas of the city of Azul, Province of Buenos Aires. 4th Congress on Endoepidemic Diseases, Muñiz Hospital, Buenos Aires. Rev. Infectol. Dr. Francisco J. Muñiz, 16: 32.
Sharma, RN; Thille, K; Piechowski, B and Tiwari, K (2019). Detection of serum antibodies against Leptospira spp. in brown rats (Rattus norvegicus) from Grenada, West Indies. Vet. World. 12: 696-699.
Thiermann, AB (1984). Isolation of leptospires in diagnosis of leptospirosis. Mod. Vet. Pract., 5: 758-759.
Thierry, A (2012). Statistical epidemiology. 3rd Edn., Second Printing, Series Edited by D’Ivernois, JF, Maloine. PP: 77-121.
Tilley, LP; Smith, Jr and Francis, WK (2004). The 5-minute veterinary consult. 3rd Edn., Philadelphia, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. PP: 768-769.
Udechukwu, CC; Kudi, CA; Abdu, PA; Abiayi, EA and Orakpoghenor, O (2021). Prevalence of Leptospira interrogans in wild rats (Rattus norvegicus and Cricetomys gambianus) in Zaria, Nigeria. Heliyon. 7: e05950. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e05950.
Vanasco, NB; Lottersberger, J; Sequeira, MD and Tarabla, H (2001). Development and validation of an ELISA for the detection of leptospire-specific antibodies in rodents. Vet. Microbiol., 82: 321-330.
Villanueva, S; Ezoe, H; Baterna, RA; Yanagihara, Y; Muto, M; Koizumi, N; Fukui, T; Okamoto, Y; Masuzawa, T; Cavinta, LL; Gloriani, NG and Yoshida, S (2010). Serologic and molecular studies of Leptospira and leptospirosis among rats in the Philippines. Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg., 82: 889-898.
Vinetz, JM; Wilcock, BA; Aguirre, A; Gollin, LX; Katz, AR; Fujioka, RS; Maly, K; Horwitz, P and Chang, H (2005). Beyond disciplinary boundaries: leptospirosis as a model of incorporating transdisciplinary approaches to understand infectious disease emergence. EcoHealth. 2: 291-306.
Waggoner, JJ and Pinsky, BA (2016). Molecular diagnostics for human leptospirosis. Curr. Opin. Infect. Dis., 29: 440-445.
World Health Organization (WHO) (2003). Human leptospirosis: guidance for diagnosis, surveillance and control, Geneva. Available at: http://www.who.int/csr/don/ en/WHO_CDS_CSR_EPH_2002.23.pdf.
Zaidi, S; Bouam, A; Bessas, A; Hezil, D; Ghaoui, H; Ait-Oudhia, K; Drancourt, M and Bitam, I (2018). Urinary shedding of pathogenic Leptospira in stray dogs and cats, Algiers: A prospective study. PLoS One. 13: e0197068. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0197068. | ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 259 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 139 |
||