Adeniji, S. M., Baker, P., & Schmude, M. (2022). Structure of the Observed Learning Outcomes (SOLO) model: A mixed-method systematic review of research in mathematics education. EURASIA Journal of Mathematics, Science and Technology Education, 18(6), 1-17.
Alonso-Castaño, M., Alonso, P., Mellone, M., & Rodríguez-Muñiz, L. J. (2021). What Mathematical Knowledge Do Prospective Teachers Reveal When Creating and Solving a Probability Problem? Mathematics, 9(24), 1-16.
Álvarez-Arroyo, R., Batanero, C., & Gea, M. M. (2024). Probabilistic literacy and reasoning of prospective secondary school teachers when interpreting media news. ZDM–Mathematics Education, 1-14.
Ang, L. H., & Shahrill, M. (2014). Identifying students’ specific misconceptions in learning probability. International Journal of Probability and Statistics, 3(2), 23-29.
Batanero, C. (2022). Training teachers to teach probability: A promising research area. Canadian Journal of Science, Mathematics and Technology Education, 22(3), 729-734.
Batanero, C., & Álvarez-Arroyo, R. (2024). Teaching and learning of probability. ZDM–Mathematics Education, 56(1), 5-17.
Batanero, C., Chernoff, E. J., Engel, J., Lee, H. S., & Sánchez, E. (2016). Research on teaching and learning probability (pp. 1–33). Springer Nature.
Batanero, C., & Diaz, C. (2012). Training school teachers to teach probability: Reflections and challenges. Chilean Journal of Statistics, 3(1), 3–13.
Biggs J, Collis K (1982) Evaluating the quality of learning: the SOLO taxonomy. Academic, New York.
Biggs, J & Collis, K (1991). Multimodal learning and the quality of intelligent behavior. Intelligence: Reconceptualization and measurement, 57-76.
Biggs, J & Tang, C (2011). Teaching for Quality Learning at University. Open University Press. United Kingdom.
Borovcnik, M., & Kapadia, R. (2018). Reasoning with risk: Teaching probability and risk as twin concepts. In C. Batanero & E. Chernoff (Eds.), Teaching and learning stochastics. Advances in probability education research (pp. 3–22). Springer
Brückler, F. M., & Milin Šipuš, Ž. (2023). Pre-service mathematics teachers’ understanding of conditional probability in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. European Journal of Science and Mathematics Education, 11(1), 89-104.
Denton, D. (2023). Preparing preservice teachers to teach probability and statistics to early learners: A systematic review. Statistics Education Research Journal, 22(2), 14-14.
Dollard, C. (2011). Preservice elementary teachers and the fundamentals of probability. Statistics Education Research Journal, 10(2), 27-47.
Eskandari, M., Reyhani, E., & Izadi, M. (2024). The probability concept in elementary mathematics textbooks: An analytical look at the concepts and tasks' cognitive demand levels. A new approach to children's education quarterly, Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available Online from 14 July 2024). [Persian]
Eskandari, M., Reyhani, E., Rahimi, Z., & Bahrami Samani, E. (2023). An Analysis of Iranian Junior High School Mathematics Textbooks Based on Different Interpretations of Probability. Journal of Curriculum Research. 13(1), 31-55. [Persian]
Gandhi, H. (2022). Thirty-One Teachers’ Epistemic Beliefs as They Worked with Random Generators: an Explorative Study. Canadian Journal of Science, Mathematics and Technology Education, 22(3), 645–658.
Gómez-Torres E., Díaz C., Contreras J.M., Ortiz J.J. (2018) Prospective Teachers’ Probabilistic Reasoning in the Context of Sampling. In: Batanero C., Chernoff E. (eds) Teaching and Learning Stochastics. ICME-13 Monographs. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-72871-1_20
Higher Council of Education, Ministry of Education, Educational Research and Planning Organization. National curriculum of the Islamic Republic of Iran (2013). [Persian]
Hill, H. C., Ball, D. L., & Schilling, S. G. (2008). Unpacking pedagogical content knowledge: Conceptualizing and measuring teachers' topic-specific knowledge of students. Journal for research in mathematics education, 39(4), 372-400.
Hourigan, M., & Leavy, A. M. (2020). Pre-service teachers’ understanding of probabilistic fairness: Analysis of decisions around task design. International journal of mathematical education in science and technology, 51(7), 997-1019.
Kaedi, F. (2017). Evaluating the content knowledge and the pedagogical content knowledge’s grade of preservice mathematics teachers of Farhangian university in probability. (Unpublished masterʼs thesis). Farhangian University, shahid Chamran Campus. [Persian]
Kahaki, A., Reihani, I., & Bahrami Samani, E. (2019). Examining 8th students' understanding of probability. Statistical Thinking. 47, 57-80. [Persian]
Kazak, S., & Leavy, A. (2022). The emerging interplay between subjective and objective notions of probability in young children. Canadian Journal of Science, Mathematics and Technology Education, 22(3), 538-557.
Kurt, G. & Coşkuntuncel, O. (2020). Assessment of elementary mathematics teachers’ probability content knowledge in terms of different meanings of probability. Turkish Journal of Computer and Mathematics Education, 11(3), 706-732.
Huerta P.M. (2018). Preparing Teachers for Teaching Probability Through Problem Solving. In: Batanero C., Chernoff E. (eds) Teaching and Learning Stochastics. ICME-13 Monographs. Springer, Cham.
Ministry of Science, Research and Technology, Higher Education Development and Planning Council (Farhangian University). Primary education curriculum (2019). [Persian]
Mooney, E. S., Langrall, C. W., & Hertel, J. T. (2014). A practitional perspective on probabilistic thinking models and frameworks. Probabilistic thinking: Presenting plural perspectives, 495-507.
Paparistodemou, E., & Meletiou-Mavrotheris, M. (2018). Teachers’ reflection on challenges for teaching probability in the early years. In A. Leavy, M. Meletiou-Mavrotheris, & E. Paparistodemou (Eds.), Statistics in early childhood and primary education supporting early statistical and probabilistic thinking (pp. 201–215). Singapore: Springer.
Park, M.J., & Lee, E. (2018). Korean Preservice Elementary Teachers’ Abilities to Identify Equiprobability Bias and Teaching Strategies. International Journal of Science and Mathematics Education, 1-19.
Pegg, J. (2018). Structure of the Observed Learning Outcome (SOLO) Model. In: Lerman, S. (eds) Encyclopedia of Mathematics Education. Springer, Cham
Pegg, J., & Tall, D. (2005). The fundamental cycle of concept construction underlying various theoretical frameworks. ZDM, 37(6), 468-475.
Savard, A. (2014). Developing probabilistic thinking: What about people’s conceptions? Probabilistic thinking: Presenting plural perspectives, 283-298.
Shamel, N.(2023). Students’ Misconceptions in Conditional Probability. Unpublished masterʼs thesis). Shahid Rajaee Teacher Training University, Faculty of Science Branch. [Persian]
Shulman, L.S. (1986). Those who understand: Knowledge growth in teaching. Educational Research, 15(3), 4–14.
Stohl H. (2005). Probability in Teacher Education and Development. In Jones G.A. (Ed.), Exploring Probability in School: Challenges for Teaching and Learning (pp. 345-366). Springer.