اثرات قوانین تحریمی ایالات‌متحده آمریکا بر تجارت نفت میان ایران و چین

Aizhu, C., Lerh, J. (2023). China Boosts Imports of Fuel Oil Blended from Russian Barrels, (Last Visited: September 17, 2023), Available at: https://www.reuters.com/business/energy/china-boosts-imports-fuel-oil-blended-russian-barrels-2023-02-03/

Arruda, M. Li, K.Y. (2003). China’s Energy Sector: Development, Structure and Future, China Law & Practice,17(9),12-17. Access Link: https://www.chinalawandpractice.com/sites/clp/2003/10/31/chinas-energy-sector-development-structure-and-future/

Arruda, M., Li, K.Y. (2003). China Energy Sector Survey Part II: The Energy Institutions, China Law and Practice,17(10),19-28. Access Link: https://www.chinalawandpractice.com/sites/clp/2003/11/30/china-energy-sector-survey-part-ii-the-energy-institutions/

Blas, J. (2023).White House Turns a Blind Eye to Iran’s Surging Oil Sales, (Last Visited: September 17,2023), Available at: https://www.bloomberg.com/opinion/articles/2023-01-19/white-house-turns-a-blind-eye-to-iran-s-surging-oil-sales#xj4y7vzkg

Bloomberg(2023).China Is Buying the Most Iranian Oil in a Decade, Kpler Says, (Last Visited: September 17,2023), Available at: https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2023-08-15/china-is-buying-the-most-iranian-oil-in-a-decade-kpler-says#xj4y7vzkg

Bloomberg (2023).China National United Oil Corp. Profile, (Last Visited: September 17,2023), Available at: https://www.bloomberg.com/profile/company/CNUZ:CH#xj4y7vzkg

Bloomberg (2023).Iran Oil Snapped Up by Chinese Private Refiners as Market Shifts, (Last Visited: September 17,2023), Available at: https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2023-04-06/iran-oil-snapped-up-by-chinese-private-refiners-as-market-shifts#xj4y7vzkg

Bloomberg (2023).UNIPEC Singapore Pte. Ltd. Profile, (Last Visited: September 16,2023), Available at: https://www.bloomberg.com/profile/company/0327473D:SP

Bloomberg (2023).Zhuhai Zhenrong Co. Profile, (Last Visited: September 17,2023), Available at: https://www.bloomberg.com/profile/company/ZHZRCZ:CH

Calabrese, J. (2022).Something’s Brewing: China’s “Teapot” Refineries and Middle East Oil Producers, (Last Visited: September 17,2023), Available at: https://www.mei.edu/publications/somethings-brewing-chinas-teapot-refineries-and-middle-east-oil-producers#_ednref14

Chen, S., Li, M., Zhang, Q., Li, H. (2017). Study on the Oil Import/Export Quota Allocation Mechanism in China by Using a Dynamic Game-Theoretic Model, Energy Procedia,Vol.105,3856-3861.DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2017.03.788

CNPC (2019). 2018 Annual Report, (Last Visited: September 17,2023),1-64. Available at: https://www.cnpc.com.cn/en/2014enbvfgr/201907/c9318a5301b1471dba8122de3a63f6d9/files/124e79a378e44857a392ccdee63af9c6.pdf

CNPC (2023). Our Businesses. Refining & Chemicals,(Last Visited: September 17,2023),Available at: http://www.cnpc.com.cn/en/refiningchemicals/common_index.shtml

Daojiong, Z. (2006). China's Energy Security: Domestic and International Issues, Survival: Global Politics and Strategy,48(1),179-190.DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00396330600594322

Department of Treasury (2014). Revised Guidance on Entities Owned by Persons Whose Property and Interest in Property Are Blocked,(Last Visited: September 16,2023), Available at: https://ofac.treasury.gov/media/6186/download?inline

Department of Treasury (2022). Treasury Targets Oil Smuggling Network Generating Hundreds of Millions of Dollars for Qods Force and Hizballah,(Last Visited: September 17,2023),Available at: https://home.treasury.gov/news/press-releases/jy0799

 Downs, E. (2017). The Rise of China's Independent Refineries, Center on Global Energy Policy,1-35. Access Link:https://www.energypolicy.columbia.edu/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/CGEPTheRiseofChinasIndependentRefineries917.pdf

Downs, E., Maloney, S. (2011). Getting China to Sanction Iran the Chinese-Iranian Oil Connection, Foreign Affairs,90(2), 15-21. Access Link: https://heinonline.org/HOL/P?h=hein.journals/fora90&i=227

Downs, E.S. (2000). China’s Quest for Energy Security, Santa Monica: Rand Corporation. Access Link: https://www.rand.org/content/dam/rand/pubs/monograph_reports/MR1244/RAND_MR1244.pdf

Duan, J., Hao, S. (2023). Market-Driven Industrialization Production Capacity Cooperation between China and the Middle East Countries, In Routledge Companion to China and the Middle East and North Africa. London: Routledge.52-63.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003048404-6

Dunn, S., Holloway, J. (2012). The Pricing of Crude Oil, Reserve Bank of Australia Bulletin, 65-74. Access Link: https://www.rba.gov.au/publications/bulletin/2012/sep/pdf/bu-0912-8.pdf

HIT Horizons (2018). UNIPEC U.K. CO. Limited - Company Overview, (Last Visited: September 16,2023), Available at: https://www.hithorizons.com/eu/companies/H-GB0064050920/unipec-uk-co-limited

Imbruno, M. (2016). China and WTO Liberalization: Imports, Tariffs and non-tariff Barriers, China Economic Review,Vol.38.1-32.DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chieco.2016.02.001

International Energy Agency (IEA) (2011). Overseas Investments by Chinese National Oil Companies,1-48. Access Link: https://iea.blob.core.windows.net/assets/9763ca18-32be-4e05-9c10-57322d016715/overseas_china.pdf

Joneydi, L., Zare, M. (2015). Directors’ Liability under the Doctrine of Piercing the Corporate Veil: The Directors' Liability for Corporate Debt, Comparative Law Review, 6(1), 85-105. DOI: https://doi.org/10.22059/jcl.2015.54403 [In Persian]

Looy, J. (2006). Africa and China: A Strategic Partnership?, African Studies Centre. Issue.67.1-28. Access Link: https://hdl.handle.net/1887/12883

Meidan, M. (2016). The Structure of China’s Oil Industry: Past Trends and Future Prospects, The Oxford Institute for Energy Studies.No.66,1-55.DOI: https://doi.org/10.26889/9781784670573

Meidan, M. (2017). China’s Independent Refiners: A New Force Shaping Global Oil Markets, The Oxford Institute for Energy Studies,1-11. Access Link: https://www.oxfordenergy.org/publications/chinas-independent-refiners-new-force-shaping-global-oil-markets/

Meidan, M. (2019). Why China Will Keep Importing Iranian Crude, but Volumes Will Remain Limited, The Oxford Institute for Energy Studies,1-4. Access Link: https://www.oxfordenergy.org/wpcms/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/Why-China-will-keep-importing-Iranian-crude-but-volumes-will-remain-limited.pdf

Office of Foreign Assets Control (2019). Iran-related Designations; Issuance of Iran-related Frequently Asked Question, (Last Visited: September 16,2023),Available at: https://ofac.treasury.gov/recent-actions/20190925

Razavi, S.M.H. (2023). Advances International Commercial Law Economic Sanctions, Tehran: Mizan. [In Persian]

Razavi, S. M. H., Salari, M. R. (2019). Piercing The Corporate Veil in EU Laws and Legal Precedent about Sanctioning the Subsidiaries of the National Iranian Company, Journal of Researches Energy Law Studies,5(1),43-60.DOI: https://doi.org/10.22059/jrels.2019.279555.277 [In Persian].

Razavi, S.M.H., Salari, M.R. (2020). The Study of the Solutions to Decrease the Risk of Sanctioning of Subsidiaries of NIOC with regards to EU Economic Sanctions, Journal of Legal Studies,12(1),111-146. DOI: https://doi.org/10.22099/jls.2020.5693 [In Persian].

Razavi, S. M. H., Salari, M. R. (2022). The Legal Elements of Delisting from OFAC US Sanctions List: Losing Control and Ownership, Journal of Legal Studies, 14(3),193-222. DOI: 10.22099/JLS.2022.42210.4570 [In Persian].

Razavi, S. M. H., Zeynodini, F. (2020). Economic Sanctions and Protection of Fundamental Human Rights: A Review of the ICJ's Ruling on Alleged Violations of the Iran-U.S. Treaty of Amity, Washington International Law Journal,29(2),303-340. Access Link: https://digitalcommons.law.uw.edu/wilj/vol29/iss2/4/

Schaik, J.V. (2012). How Governments Sell Their Oil. Revenue Watch Institute,1-9. Access Link: https://resourcegovernance.org/sites/default/files/OilSales-HowGovtsSellOil.pdf

Schaik, J.V. (2012). When the Price Is Right. Revenue Watch Institute,1-6. Access Link: https://resourcegovernance.org/sites/default/files/OilSales-Governance.pdf

Shao, Y., Qiao, H., Wang, S. (2017). What Determines China's Crude Oil Importing Trade Patterns? Empirical Evidences from 55 Countries Between 1992 and 2015, Energy Policy,Vol.109.1-9.DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2017.05.063

Shell Global (2021). Chinese industry to benefit as CNOOC and Shell start up new petrochemicals units, (Last Visited: September 17, 2023), Available at: https://www.shell.com/business-customers/chemicals/media-releases/2021-media-releases/chinese-industry-to-benefit-as-cnooc-and-shell-start-up-new-petrochemicals-units.html

Silver Grant (2021). Business Profile, (Last Visited: September 17,2023), Available at: https://www.silvergrant.com.cn/en/Petrochemicals/index.aspx

Sinochem Group Co. Ltd. (2020). Corporate Profile, (Last Visited: September 17,2023), Available at: https://www.sinochem.com/1250.html

Sinochem Group Co. Ltd. (2020). Refining & Petrochemical, (Last Visited: September 17,2023), Available at: https://www.sinochem.com/english/s/1574-4977-11880.html

Sinopec (2023). Refineries & Petrochemicals, (Last Visited: September 17,2023), Available at: http://www.sinopec.com/listco/En/about_sinopec/subsidiaries/refinery_petrochemical/

Tang, F.C., Fesharaki, F. (1995). China Evolving Oil Trade Patterns and Prospects to 2000, Natural Resources Forum,19(1),47-58.DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1477-8947.1995.tb00592.x

Taylor, M. (2014). The Chinese State, Oil and Energy Security, London: Palgrave Macmillan. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137350558

Tobin, D. (2018). Technical Self-sufficiency, Pricing Independence: A Penrosean Perspective on China’s Emergence as A Major Oil Refiner Since the 1960s, Business History,61(4),681-702.DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00076791.2017.1413095

UNIPEC America Inc. (2018). About UNIPEC America,(Last Visited: September 16,2023), Available at: https://unipecamerica.com/#:~:text=(UNIPEC)%2C%20a%20member%20of,regions%20all%20over%20the%20world

United States Securities and Exchange Commission(SEC) (2002). Annual Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934,(Last Visited: September 16,2023) Available at: https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1108329/000114554903000742/u98519e20vf.htm

United States Securities and Exchange Commission(SEC) (2012). Investor Bulletin: American Depositary Receipts,(Last Visited: September 16,2023) Available at: https://www.sec.gov/investor/alerts/adr-bulletin.pdf

United States Securities and Exchange Commission(SEC) (2015). Annual Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934,(Last Visited: September 16,2023) Available at: https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/908732/000119312520122219/d868834d20f.htm

U.S. Department of State (2019). The United States to Impose Sanctions on Chinese Firm Zhuhai Zhenrong Company Limited for Purchasing Oil from Iran,(Last Visited: September 17,2023), Available at: https://2017-2021.state.gov/the-united-states-to-impose-sanctions-on-chinese-firm-zhuhai-zhenrong-company-limited-for-purchasing-oil-from-iran/

Wang, H. (1993). China's Impact on the World Crude Oil Market, Journal of Energy and Development,19(1),81-96.DOI: https://www.jstor.org/stable/24808017

Xu, M. (2023). China's Venezuelan Oil Imports Rebound in July, Fuel Oil Tapers Off,(Last Visited: September 17,2023), Available at: https://www.reuters.com/article/china-oil-venezuela-idUKL4N39O1KB

Zhang, S., Xu, M. (2021). China Cuts Second Batch of Crude Oil Import Quotas for Private Refiners- Document, Sources,(Last Visited: September 17,2023), Available at: https://www.reuters.com/business/energy/china-cuts-2nd-batch-crude-oil-import-quotas-private-refiners-document-sources-2021-06-21/

Zhao, Y., Shi, X., Song, F. (2020). Has Chinese Outward Foreign Direct Investment in Energy Enhanced China's Energy Security?, Energy Policy,Vol.146,1-8.DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2020.111803

Laws and Regulations

Ministry of Foreign Trade & Economic Cooperation (1999). Circular on Issuing the Measures for Organizing the Implementation of the Import of Crude Oil and Finished Oil. Access Link: http://www.lawinfochina.com/display.aspx?lib=law&id=1869&CGid=

National Development and Reform Commission(NDRC) (2015). Notice of the National Development and Reform Commission on Issues Related to the Use of Imported Crude Oil. Access Link: https://www.gov.cn/xinwen/2015-02/16/content_2820157.htm

National People's Congress (2001). The 10th Five-Year Plan for Economic and Social Development of China (2001-2005). Access Link: https://www.chinajusticeobserver.com/law/x/10th-five-year-plan-for-economic-and-social-development-20010315

National People's Congress (2011). The 11th Five-Year Plan for Economic and Social Development of China (2006-2010). Access Link: https://www.chinajusticeobserver.com/law/x/11th-five-year-plan-for-economic-and-social-development-20110314

National People's Congress (2011). The 12th Five-Year Plan for Economic and Social Development of China (2011-2015). Access Link: https://www.chinajusticeobserver.com/law/x/12th-five-year-plan-for-economic-and-social-development-20110316

National People's Congress (2016). The 13th Five-Year Plan for Economic and Social Development of China (2016-2020). Access Link: https://www.chinajusticeobserver.com/law/x/13th-five-year-plan-for-economic-and-social-development-20160317

National People's Congress (2021). The 14th Five-Year Plan for Economic and Social Development of China (2021-2025). Access Link: https://cset.georgetown.edu/publication/china-14th-five-year-plan/

State Council. (1982). PRC Exploitation of Offshore Oil Resources in Cooperation with Foreign Parties Regulations. Access Link: http://www.asianlii.org/cn/legis/cen/laws/roteoopricwfe1069/

State Council (1993). PRC Exploitation of Onshore Oil Resources in Cooperation with Foreign Parties Regulations. Access Link: http://www.lawinfochina.com/display.aspx?lib=law&id=9376&CGid=

World Trade Organization (2001). Accession of the People's Republic of China. Access Link: https://docs.wto.org/dol2fe/Pages/SS/directdoc.aspx?filename=Q:/WT/L/432.pdf&Open=True