تعهدهای دولت‌ها در خصوص ارتکاب شکنجه توسط اشخاص خصوصی

Akandji-kombe, J. (2007). Positive Obligations under European Convention on Human Rights: A guide to the implementation of the European Convention on Human Rights, Human Rights Handbooks, No. 7, Belgium: Council of Europe.

APT and CEJIL (2008). Torture in International Law, a Guide to Jurisprudence, Geneva: Association for the Prevention of Torture (APT) and Center for Justice and International Law (CEJIL).

Beigzade, E. (2006). Mechanism of Prevention of Torture and Unjust, Non-human and Humiliating Punishments or Behaviors in the Protocol of 2002 A.D, Criminal Law Doctrines, 2(19), 47-62 [In Persian].

Cassese, A. (2014). The Role of Force in International Relations, Translated by Morteza Kalantarian, Tehran: Agaha Publications [In Persian].

Dorman, K. (2002). Elements of War Crimes under Statute of International Criminal Court, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Henkaerts, J. & Doswald Beck, L. (2009). Customary International Human Rights Law (Volume 1: Rules), Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Kenny. C. (2017). Prosecuting Crimes of International Concern: Islamic State at the ICC?, Utrecht Journal of International and European Law, Vol. 33 (84), 140-145. DOI: 10.5334/ujiel.364

Mir Mohammad Sadeghi, H. (2014). International Criminal Law, Tehran: Mizan Publication [In Persian].

Niknafs, M. (2005). The Concept of Torture: Unique or Different Standard (From the International Law’s Point of View), International Law Review, 22(33), 189-230 [In Persian]. DOI:10.22066/CILAMAG.2005.17976  

Poorbafrani, H. &  Rahim, R. (2016). A Comparative Study about Torture in Iranian Laws and the United Nations Convention against Torture, The Judiciary Law Journal, 80 (93), 37-60. [In Persian]  DOI:10.22106/JLJ.2016.19858

Quince Hopkins, C. (1998). Domestic Violence as Torture: Possibilities and Limits of the Law in Combating the Psychological Harm and Patterned Nature of Domestic Violence. A Thesis Submitted to the Stanford Program in International Legal Studies, for the Degree of Juridical Sciences Master, the Stanford Law School, Stanford University.

Rangebarian, A. (2005). The Place of the Rule of Prohibition of Torture in Contemporary International Law, Law, and Political Sciences, 70 (845), 147-184 [In Persian].

Reidy, A. (2003). The Prohibition of Torture: A Guide to the Implementation of Article 3 of the European Convention on Human Rights, Human Rights Handbooks, No. 6, Belgium: Council of Europe.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs Division for Advancement of Women (2012). Handbook for Legislation on Violence against Women, New York: United Nations Publications.

Van Dijk, P. & Van Hoof, G. J. H. (1998). Theory and Practice of the European Convention on Human Rights, Hauge: Kluwer Law International.

Vijeh, M. (2008). The Concept of Positive Obligations in the European Court of Human Rights Practice, Journal of Theology and Law, 4(13), 109-130 [In Persian].

Wallace, R & Olga Martin, O. (2013). International Law, Translated by Seyyed Ghasem Zamani. Mahnaz Bahramlou, Tehran: Shahr Danesh Institute of Legal Studies and Research [In Persian].

- Judicial Cases

A v UK, No. 25599/94, Rep. 1996-VI, Judgment of 23 September 1998.

Aksoy v. Turkey.

Ali and Ayşe Duran v. Turkey, No. 42942/02, 8 April 2008.

Caeser v. Trinidad and Tobago, Inter-American Court of Human Rights, Series C No. 123, March 11, 2005.

Campbell and Cosans v. UK, Judgment of 25 Feb 1982.

Costello-Roberts v. the United Kingdom, 25 March 1993.

E.M. v. Romania - 43994/05, Judgment 30.10.2012 [Section III].

Eremia and Others v. The Republic of Moldova, Application No. 3664/11, Judgment of May 2013.

General Court Martial Orders No. 607, The Court Martial of Henry Wirz, Washington, November 6, 1865.

H.L.R. v France, No. 24573/94, Rep. 1997-III, Judgment of 29 April 1997.

Hass v. Switzerland Judgment of 20 January 2011.

ICTY, Judgment, The Prosecutor v. Zejnil Delalić and Others, IT-9621-T, Judgment of 6 November 1998.

ICTY. Judgment. The Prosecutor v. Dragoljub Kunarac and Others, IT-96-23 and IT-96-23/I-T.

ICTY; Judgment, The Prosecutor v. Anto Frondzija, IT-95-17/I-T

Ireland v. uk.

Loizidous v. Turkey, 23 March 1995, Series A, No. 310.

M.G. v. Turkey, Application No. 646/10, Judgment of March 2016.

Mapiripán Massacre vs Colombia, Series C No. 122, Inter-American Court of Human Rights (IACrtHR), 15 September 2005.

Opuz v. Turkey. Judgment of 9 June 2009.

Pretty v. the United Kingdom, Judgment of 29 April 2002.

Pueblo Bello Massacre v Colombia, IACHR (Series C) No. 140, judgement of 31 January 2006.

Rumor v. Italy, Application No. 72964/10, Judgment of May 2014.

Servellon-Garcia v Honduras, Judgment of September 21, 2006. Series C, No. 152.

Talpis v. Italy, Application Number 41237/14, Judgment of 21 March 2017.

 The Einsatzgruppen Trial (Officially, The United States of America vs. Otto Ohlendorf, et al.), Military Tribunal II, Case No. 9.

Tyrer v. the United Kingdom, 25 April 1978, Series A, No. 26.

United States v. William L. Calley Jr, United States Court of Military Appeals, United States, 22 U.S.C.M.A. 534 / 26.875, 21 December 1973.

Velasquez Rodriguez Case, Judgment of July 29, 1988, Inter-Am.Ct.H.R. (Ser. C) No. 4 (1988).

Z and Others v UK, No. 29392/95, ECHR 2001-V, Judgement of 10 May 2001.

Mouvement Burkinabe des Droits de l’Homme et des Peoples v. Burkina Faso, Communication No. 204/79, 7 May 2001