| تعداد نشریات | 24 |
| تعداد شمارهها | 935 |
| تعداد مقالات | 8,388 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 16,988,529 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 14,377,074 |
The Optimal Tax Rate and Efficiency of Government in Selected Lower-middle and Upper-middle-income Countries and Members of the OIC: Stochastic Metafrontier Approach | ||
| Iranian Journal of Economic Studies | ||
| مقاله 11، دوره 10، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 20، اسفند 2021، صفحه 549-564 اصل مقاله (400.19 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: Research Paper | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22099/ijes.2022.43106.1816 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| Golnaz Hadian1؛ Sara Ghobadi* 1؛ Majid Sameti2 | ||
| 1Department of Economics, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Isfahan, Iran | ||
| 2Department of Economics, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran | ||
| چکیده | ||
| In the last two decades, some economists have provided a model for obtaining the optimal tax rate to maximize economic growth. Aiming to contribute to these studies, this work presents a new approach for the determination of the optimal tax rate based on a stochastic metafrontier analysis. To this end, the meta technical efficiency (MTE), group’s technical efficiency (TE), technology gap ratio (TGR), and optimal tax rate (OTR) were determined for the period 1996-2018 in a selection of member countries of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation (Group A), lower-middle-income (Group B) and upper-middle-income (Group C). It was found that Group A has the maximum average values of MTE, TE, and TGR, while most countries in Group B have the minimum average MTE. The results demonstrated that Russia enjoys the highest average values of MTE, TE, and TGR, and can be considered as the reference for the countries in Group C. Finally, it was concluded that with 90% statistical confidence, the average real tax rates in Iran and Kuwait are less than the balanced budget OTR during the studied period. The emphasis on increasing tax rates to maximize economic growth and the improvement in the efficiency of these governments seems necessary. | ||
| کلیدواژهها | ||
| Endogenous growth model؛ optimal tax rate؛ government technical efficiency؛ metafrontier production function؛ technology gap ratio | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
Akhtar, N., Tahir, M. S., Tariq, B., & Rashid, M. K. (2018). An essay on optimal size of government: A case study of Pakistan. Amazonia Investiga, 7(17), 453-461. Akram, V., & Rath, B. N. (2020). Optimum government size and economic growth in case of Indian states: Evidence from panel threshold model. Economic Modelling, 88, 151-162. Alpay, S., Atlamaz, M., & Bakimli, E. (2011). Trade among OIC countries: Limits of Islamic solidarity. Insight Turkey, 13(2), 145-171. Asghari, R., Heidari, H., & Mohseni Zonouzi, S. J. (2014). An investigation of the impact of government size on economic growth: New evidence from selected MENA countries. Iranian Journal of Economic Studies, 3(2), 63-80. Barro, R. J. (1989). A cross-country study of growth, saving, and government. National Saving and Economic Performance, 1, 1-67. Barro, R. J. (1990). Government spending in a simple model of endogeneous growth. Journal of Political Economy, 98(5), 103-125. Barro, R. J. (1991). Economic growth in a cross section of countries. The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 106(2), 407-443. Battese, G. E., & Coelli, T. (1992). Frontier production functions, technical efficiency and panel data: With application to paddy farmers in India. Journal of Productivity Analysis, 3(1), 153-169. Battese, G. E., & Coelli, T. J. (1995). A model for technical inefficiency effects in a stochastic frontier production function for panel data. Empirical Economics, 20(2), 325-332. Battese, G. E., & Rao, D. P. (2002). Technology gap, efficiency, and a stochastic metafrontier function. International Journal of Business Economics, 1(2), 87-93. Battese, G. E., Rao, D. S., & O'donnell, C. (2004). A metafrontier production function for estimation of technical efficiencies and technology gaps for firms operating under different technologies. Journal of Productivity Analysis, 21(1), 91-103. Chao, J. C., & Grubel, H. (1998). Optimal levels of spending and taxation in Canada. In How to Use the Fiscal Surplus: What is the Optimal Size of Government, 53-68. The Fraser Institute, Vancouver. Chusseau, N., & Hellier, J. (2008). Social policies and R&D subsidies: Impact on inequality, unemployment, growth and the tax burden. International Journal of Manpower, 29(3), 239-262. Divino, J. A., Maciel, D. T., & Sosa, W. (2020). Government size, composition of public spending and economic growth in Brazil. Economic Modelling, 91, 155-166. Elmi, Z., & Ranjbar, O. (2012). Which OIC countries are catching up? Time series evidences with multiple structural breaks. Iranian Journal of Economic Studies, 1(1), 13-28. Forte, F., & Magazzino, C. (2011). Optimal size government and economic growth in EU countries. Economia Politica, 28(3), 295-322. Hayami, Y. (1969). Sources of agricultural productivity gap among selected countries. American Journal of Agricultural Economics, 51(3), 564-575. Hayami, Y., & Ruttan, V. W. (1970). Agricultural productivity differences among countries. The American Economic Review, 60(5), 895-911. Karthick, V., Thilagavathi, M., Surendran, A., Paramasivam, R., & Balaji, S. (2015). Estimation of resource use efficiency and technical efficiency of small onion farmers in Tamil Nadu: A Cobb-Douglas and stochastic frontier approach. Economic Affairs, 60(3), 401-407. Kavese, K., & Phiri, A. (2020). Optimal tax rates in South Africa: New empirical insights to the existing debate. International Journal of Sustainable Economy, 12(1), 44-60. King, R. G., & Rebelo, S. (1990). Public policy and economic growth: Developing neoclassical implications. Journal of Political Economy, 98(5), 126-150. Lucas, R. E. (1988). On the mechanics of economic development. Journal of Monetary Economics, 22(1), 3-42. Medvedev, D. (2016). Social and economic development of Russia: Finding new dynamics. Russian Journal of Economics, 2(4), 327-348. Noon, H. M., Karim, A. Z., & Uddin, M. S. (2018). Development and modernization of OIC member countries: A study based on selected indicators. Intellectual Discourse, 26(1), 229-253. O’Donnell, C. J., Rao, D. S., & Battese, G. E. (2008). Metafrontier frameworks for the study of firm-level efficiencies and technology ratios. Empirical Economics, 34(2), 231-255. Rebelo, S. (1991). Long-run policy analysis and long-run growth. Journal of Political Economy, 99, 500-521. Romer, P. M. (1986). Increasing returns and long-run growth. Journal of Political Economy, 94(5), 1002-1037. Romer, P. M. (1990). Endogenous technological change. Journal of Political Economy, 98(5), 71-102. Scully, G. W. (1995). The “growth tax” in the United States. Public Choice, 85(1), 71-80. Scully, G. W. (1996). Taxation and economic growth in New Zealand. Pacific Economic Review, 1(2), 169-177. Scully, G. W. (2000). The growth‐maximizing tax rate. Pacific Economic Review, 5(1), 93-96. Scully, G. W. (2003). Optimal taxation, economic growth and income inequality. Public Choice, 115(3), 299-312. Scully, G. W. (2006). Taxes and economic growth, national center for policy analysis. World Bank (1996-2018). World development indicators. https://data.worldbank.org/. Zaroki, S., & Yadollahi Otaghsara, M. (2021). Real minimum wage and informal employment in Iran. Iranian Journal of Economic Studies, 9(2), 549-567.
| ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 538 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 584 |
||