| تعداد نشریات | 24 |
| تعداد شمارهها | 863 |
| تعداد مقالات | 7,715 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 13,773,068 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 11,819,744 |
Experimental and Numerical Investigation of Warm Deep Drawing Process of AA5052 Aluminum Alloy | ||
| Iranian Journal of Materials Forming | ||
| دوره 7، شماره 2، دی 2020، صفحه 56-69 اصل مقاله (1.32 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: Research Paper | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22099/ijmf.2020.38174.1166 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| Hamidreza Rezaei Ashtiani* ؛ M. Ganji Arjenki | ||
| School of Mechanical Engineering, Arak University of Technology, Arak, Iran | ||
| چکیده | ||
| Aluminum alloys have a high strength-to-weight ratio and proper anti-corrosion properties that are used in the automotive, shipbuilding and aerospace industries. The major problem with forming aluminum sheets is the low formability of aluminum sheets at room temperature. Therefore, in the present study, warm deep drawing (WDD) of AA5052-O aluminum alloy sheets with a thickness of 1mm was investigated at the different forming temperatures of 25, 80, 160, and 240°C (in the two isothermal and nonisothermal conditions) and punch speeds of 260, 560 and 1950 mm min-1 using experimental tests and finite elements simulation. The finite element simulation predictions show a good agreement with the experimental data. The results showed that an increase in forming temperature and a decrease in forming speed led to a decrease in forming force and an increase in cup height. Additionally, a microstructural and experimental investigation showed that the fracture of the cup corner radii occurs in the early stages of drawing at forming temperature of 25°C whereas, by increasing the forming temperature to higher than 160°C, the drawability of aluminum sheets increases due to dynamic recovery that takes place during the WDD process. | ||
| کلیدواژهها | ||
| Warm deep drawing (WDD)؛ Forming temperature؛ Microstructure؛ Force–displacement diagram؛ AA5052 aluminum sheet؛ Dynamic recovery | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
[1] J.L. Kailun Zheng, D.J. Politis, L. Wang, A review on forming techniques for manufacturing lightweight complex shaped aluminium panel components, International Journal of Lightweight Materials and Manufacture 1 (2018) 55-80.
[2] D. Schmoeckel, Metal Forming (Warm): Comparison with Hot and Cold Forming, Encycl. Mater. Sci. Technol. (2001) 5437-5438.
[3] T.B. Huanga, Y.A. Tsaia, F.K. Chen, Finite element analysis and formability of non-isothermal deep drawing of AZ31B sheets, Journal of materials processing technology 177 (2006) 142-145.
[4] H.S. Kim, M. Koc, J. Ni, A. Ghosh, Finite Element Modeling and Analysis of Warm Forming of Aluminum Alloys-Validation Through Comparisons With Experiments and Determination of a Failure Criterion, Journal of Manufacturing Science and Engineering 128 (2006) 613-621.
[5] R. Ayres, Alloying aluminum with magnesium for ductility at warm temperatures (25 to 250 C)., Metallurgical Transactions A 10 (1979) 849-854.
[6] D. Li, A. Ghosh, Tensile Deformation Behavior of Aluminum Alloys at Warm Forming Temperatures, Materials Science and Engineering: A, 352 (2003) 279-286.
[7] P.J. Bolt, NA.PM. Lamboo, P.J.C.M. Rozier, Feasibility of warm drawing of aluminium products, Journal of Materials Processing Technology 115 (2001) 118-121.
[8] N. Abedrabbo, F. Pourboghrat, J. Carsley, Forming of aluminum alloys at elevated temperatures- part 1: material characterization, International Journal of plasticity 22 (2006) 314-341.
[9] A.H. Van Den Boogaard, J. Huétink, Simulation of Aluminum Sheet Forming at Elevated Temperatures, Computer methods in applied mechanics and engineering 195 (2006) 6691-6709.
[10] J. Mckinley, N. Abedrabbo, M.J. Worswick, M. Kozards, Effect of Independent Die and Punch Temperature Control on the Formability of 3003 Aluminum Alloy in Warm Deep Drawing, In Proc. of the 7th Int. Conf. Numisheet, Interlaken, Switzerland 2008.
[11] H. Laurent, J. Coër, P.Y. Manach, M.C. Oliveira, L.F. Menezes, Experimental and numerical studies on the warm deep drawing of an Al-Mg alloy, International Journal of Mechanical Sciences 93 (2015) 59-72.
[12] H. Takuda, K. Mori, I. Masuda, Y. Abe, M. Matsue, Finite element simulation of warm deep drawing of aluminium alloy sheet when accounting for heat conduction, Journal of Materials Processing Technology 120 (2002) 412-418.
[13] A.H. Van den Boogaard, J. Huétink, Simulation of aluminium sheet forming at elevated temperatures, Computer methods in applied mechanics and engineering 195 (2006) 6691-6709.
[14] H.S. Kim, M. Koç, J. Ni, Development of an analytical model for warm deep drawing of aluminum alloys, journal of materials processing technology 197 (2008) 393-407.
[15] G. Palumbo, L. Tricarico, Numerical and experimental investigations on the warm deep drawing process of circular aluminum alloy specimens, Journal of materials processing technology 184 (2007) 115-123.
[16] S. Yoshihara, K.I. Manabe, H. Nishimura, Effect of blank holder force control in deep-drawing process of magnesium alloy sheet, Journal of Materials Processing Technology 170 (2005) 579-585.
[17] F. K. Chen, T. B. Huang, C.K. Chang, Deep drawing of square cups with magnesium alloy AZ31 sheets, IInternational Journal of Machine Tools and Manufacture 43 (2003) 1553-1559.
[18] H. Zein, M. El Sherbiny, M. Abd-Rabou, Thinning and spring back prediction of sheet metal in the deep drawing process, Materials & Design 53 (2014) 797-808.
[19] H. Takuda, K. Mori, T. Masachika, E. Yamazaki, Y. Watanabe, Finite element analysis of the formability of an austenitic stainless steel sheet in warm deep drawing,Journal of Materials Processing Technology 143-144 (2003) 242-248.
[20] N. Kotkunde, A. Badrish, A. Morchhale, P. Takalkar, S.K. Singh, Warm deep drawing behavior of Inconel 625 alloy using constitutive modelling and anisotropic yield criteria, International Journal of Material Forming 13 (2020) 355-369.
[21] S.S. Panicker, K.S. Prasad, G. Sawale, S. Hazra, B. Shollock, S.K. Panda, Warm redrawing of AA6082 sheets and investigations into the effect of aging heat treatment on cup wall strength, Materials Science & Engineering: A 768 (2019) 138445.
[22] A.S. Takalkar, L.B.M. Chinnapandi, Deep drawing process at the elevated temperature : A critical review and future research directions, CIRP Journal of Manufacturing Science and Technology 27 (2019) 56-67.
[23] M.A.M. Basril, M. Azuddin, I.A. Choudhury, The Effect of Elevated Temperature on the Drawability of a Circular Deep Drawn Metal Cup, Metals 9 (2019) 1303.
[24] Y. Vahidshad, M. Ayaz, Numerical and Experimental Investigation of the Effect of Open-Die Hot Deep Drawing Process Parameters on the Formability of Commercially Pure Titanium, Iranian Journal of Materials Forming 7 (2020) 24-31.
[25] L.M. Ren, S.H. Zhang, G. Palumbo, D. Sorgente, L. Tricarico, Numerical simulation on warm deep drawing of magnesium alloy AZ31 sheets, Materials Science and Engineering: A 499 (2009) 40-44.
[26] S. Mahabunphachai, M. Koç, Investigations on forming of aluminum 5052 and 6061 sheet alloys at warm temperatures, Materials & Design 31 (2010) 2422-2434.
[27] G.R. Johnson, W.H. Cook, A Constitutive Model and Data for Metals Subjected to Large Strains, High Strain Rates and High Temperatures, In Proceedings of the 7th International Symposium on Ballistics 21 (1983) 541-547.
[28] S.S. Panicker, K.S. Prasad, S. Basak, S.K. Panda, Constitutive Behavior and Deep Drawability of Three Aluminum Alloys Under Different Temperatures and Deformation Speeds, Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance 26 (2017) 3954-3969.
[29] G.R. Johnson, W.H. Cook, Fracture characteristics of three metals subjected to various strains, strain rates, temperatures and pressures,Engineering fracture mechanics 21 (1985) 31-48.
[30] R. Zeng, F. Ma, L. Huang, J. Li, Investigation on spinnability of profiled power spinning of aluminum alloy, The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology 80 (2015) 535-548.
[31] S.P. Patil, K.G. Prajapati, V. Jenkouk, H. Olivier, B. Markert, Experimental and numerical studies of sheet metal forming with damage using gas detonation process, Metals (Basel). 7 (2017) 1-19.
[32] T. Naka, F. Yoshida, Deep drawability of type 5083 aluminium magnesium alloy sheet under various conditions of temperature and forming speed, Journal of Materials Processing Technology 89-90 (1999) 19-23.
[33] R. Abbaschian, R. E. Reed-Hill, Physical Metallurgy Principles, Cengage Learning 4ed, 2008.
[34] Y. Li, L. Chen, J. Tang, G. Zhao, C. Zhang, Effects of asymmetric feeder on microstructure and mechanical properties of high strength Al-Zn-Mg alloy by hot extrusion, Journal of Alloys and Compounds 749 (2018) 293-304.
[35] L.E. Murr, B. H. Maddala, Comparison of recovery, recrystallization, and grain-growth characteristics in shock-loaded, explosively-expanded, and cold-rolled inconel-600, Materials Science and Engineering 7 (1971) 286-295.
[36] H.D. Merchant, W. Liu, L.A. Giannuzzi, J.G. Morris, Grain structure of thin electrodeposited and rolled copper foils, Materials characterization 53 (2004) 335–360.
[37] A. Dhal A, S.K. Panigrahi, Insight into the microstructural evolution during cryo-severe plastic deformation and post-deformation annealing of aluminum and its alloys, Journal of Alloys and Compounds 726 (2017) 1205–1219. | ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 479 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 790 |
||