| تعداد نشریات | 24 |
| تعداد شمارهها | 924 |
| تعداد مقالات | 8,295 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 16,556,285 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 13,966,768 |
Pulsed wave Doppler echocardiographic assessment after sedation by intravenous injection of medetomidine and xylazine hydrochloride on cardiac output and systolic time intervals in one-humped camel calves (Camelus dromedarious) | ||
| Iranian Journal of Veterinary Research | ||
| دوره 21، شماره 4 - شماره پیاپی 73، 2020، صفحه 257-262 اصل مقاله (460.03 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: Full paper (Original article) | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22099/ijvr.2020.35510.5210 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| M. Masoudifard1؛ M. R. Esmailinejad* 1؛ E Sakhaee2؛ O. Azari2؛ R. Vafaei3؛ N. Ghalekhani4 | ||
| 1Department of Surgery and Radiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran | ||
| 2Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran | ||
| 3Ph.D. Student in Clinical Pathology, Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran | ||
| 4Ph.D. Student in Epidemiology, Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran | ||
| چکیده | ||
| Background: Pulsed wave (PW) Doppler echocardiography provides a convenient and noninvasive tool for measuring cardiac output (CO) alternations after the administration of sedative drugs, but this is not a usual method for camelids. Aims: The aim of the present study was to investigate the changes of the left and right ventricular outflow tracts (LVOT and RVOT), CO, and systolic time intervals following the intravenous (IV) injection of medetomidine (M) and xylazine (X) using PW Doppler echocardiography. Methods: Twenty apparently healthy immature male one-humped camels (Camelus dromedarious) were selected and divided into four groups (five animals per group). Medetomidine and X were injected to the left jugular vein at two different doses of 10 and 20 μg/kg, and 0.2 and 0.4 mg/kg, respectively. Effects on echocardiographic parameters were assessed at 4 intervals: before, 3, 60, and 120 min after drug administrations. Results: Velocity time integrity (VTI), maximum/mean flow velocity (Vmax and Vmean) and maximum/mean pressure gradient (PGmax and PGmean) decreased in aortic and pulmonic valves. Left ventricular ejection time (LVET) and LVET + pre ejection period (PEP) decreased and PEP and PEP/LVET increased in all groups except the low dose X group, 3 min after drug administration (P<0.05). The least values of VTI, velocity (V), PG and CO were observed after 60 min in the low dose X group (P<0.05). Conclusion: A relationship was found between the intensity and the duration of changes in cardiac parameters and both types and dosages of the injected drugs. We concluded that X and M have transient depressor effects on the ventricular outflow tract and CO of healthy camels. | ||
| کلیدواژهها | ||
| Camelus dromedarious؛ Cardiac output؛ Echocardiography | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
Al-Mubarak, AI; Abdin-Bey, MR and Ramadan, RO (2008). Evaluation of xylazine/ketamine total intravenous anaesthesia (TIVA) in dromedary camels, a clinical retrospective study. J. Camel. Pract. Res., 15: 201-203.
Bettschart-Wolfensberger, R; Bettschart, RW; Vainiom, O; Marlin, D and Clarke, KW (1999). Cardiopulmonary effects of a two hour medetomidine infusion and its antagonism by atipamezole in horses and ponies. J. Vet. Anaesth., 26: 8-12.
Bettschart-Wolfensberger, R; Kalchofner, K; Neges, K; Kästner, S and Furst, A (2005). Total intravenous anaesthesia in horses using medetomidine and propofol. Vet. Anaesth. Analg., 32: 348-354.
Boon, JA (1996). Manual of veterinary echocardiography. 1st Edn., Philadelphia, USA, Williams and Wilkins. PP: 151-236.
Boon, JA (2011). Veterinary echocardiography. 2nd Edn., Chichester, UK, Wiley-Blackwell. PP: 106-116.
Borow, KM (1989). An integrated approach to the noninvasive assessment of left ventricular systolic and diastolic performance. In: Textbook of adult and pediatric echocardiography and Doppler. (1st Edn.), Cambridge, UK, Blackwell Scientific Publications. PP: 97-155.
Braun, U and Schweizer, T (2001). Determination of heart dimensions in cattle via 2-D mode echocardiography. Berl. Munch. Tierarztl. Wochenschr., 114: 46-50.
Bryant, CE; Clarke, KW and Thompson, J (1996). Cardiopulmonary effects of medetomidine in sheep and in ponies. Res. Vet. Sci., 60: 267-271.
Buczinski, S and Descôteaux, L (2009). Echographie des bovins. 1st Edn., Paris, France, Point Veterinaire. PP: 47-67.
Bueno, AC; Cornick-Seahorn, J; Seahorn, TL; Hosgood, G and Moore, RM (1999). Cardiopulmonary and sedative effects of intravenous administration of low doses of medetomidine and xylazine to adult horses. Am. J. Vet. Res., 60: 1371-1376.
Cruz, JI; Loste, M and Burzaco, OH (1998). Observations on the use of medetomidine/ketamine and its reversal with atipemazole for chemical restraint in the mouse. Lab. Anim., 32: 18-22.
Dugdale, A (2010). Veterinary anaesthesia. Principle to practice. 1st Edn., Oxford, UK, Wiley-Blackwell. PP: 39-45.
England, G and Clarke, KW (1996). Alpha 2 adrenoreceptor agonists in the horse. A review. Br. Vet. J., 152: 641-657.
Fowler, ME (2010). Cardiovascular system. In: Medicine and surgery of camelids. (3rd Edn.), Ames, IA, USA, Wiley-Blackwell. PP: 423-427.
Hallowell, G; Potter, TJ and Bowen, IM (2007). Methods and normal values for echocardiography in adult dairy cattle. J. Vet. Cardiol., 9: 91-98.
Kinjavdekar, P; Singh Amarpal, GR; Aithal, H and Pawde, AM (2000). Physiologic and biochemical effects of subarachnoidally administrated xylazine and medetomidine in goats. Small Rum. Res., 38: 217-228.
Koito, H and Spodick, D (1989). Optimal Doppler measurement of left ventricular ejection time. Am. J. Cardiol., 63: 257-259.
Leroux, AA; Farnir, F; Moonen, ML; Sandersen, CF; Deleuze, S and Amory, H (2012). Repeatability, variability and reference values of pulsed wave Doppler echocardiographic measurements in healthy Saanen goats. BMC Vet. Res., 8: 190-200.
Marr, CM and Patteson, MW (2010). Echocardiography. In: Cardiology of the horse. 2nd Edn., Philadelphia, USA, Elsevier. PP: 105-126.
Maze, M and Tranquili, W (1991). Alpha-2 adrenoceptor agonists: defining the role in clinical anesthesia. Anesthesiology. 74: 581-605.
McConachie, E; Barton, MH; Rapoport, G and Giguere, S (2013). Doppler and volumetric echocardiographic methods for cardiac output measurement in standing adult horses. J. Vet. Intern. Med., 27: 324-330.
Otto, CM; Pearlman, AS and Gardner, CL (1989). Hemodynamic progression of aortic stenosis in adults assessed by Doppler echocardiography. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., 13: 545-550.
Pypendop, BH and Verstegen, JP (1998). Hemodynamic effects of medetomidine in the dog: a dose titration study. Vet. Surg., 27: 612-622.
Reef, VB (1990). Echocardiographic examination in the horse: the basics. Compend. Contin. Educ. Pract. Vet., 12: 1312-1319.
Saponaro, V; Crovace, A; DeMarzo, L; Centonze, P and Staffieri, F (2013). Echocardiographic evaluation of the cardiovascular effects of medetomidine, acepromazine and their combination in healthy dogs. Res. Vet. Sci., 95: 687-692.
Scheinin, M and MacDonald, E (1989). An introduction to the pharmacology of A2-adrenoceptors in the central nervous system. Acta Vet. Scand., 85: 11-19.
Sinclair, MD (2003). A review of the physiological effects of A2-agonists related to the clinical use of medetomidine in small animal practice. Can. Vet. J., 44: 885-897.
Sousa, MG; Carareto, R; De-Nardi, AB; Brito, FL; Nunes, N and Camacho, AA (2007). Effects of isoflurane on Tei-index of myocardial performance in healthy dogs. Can. Vet. J., 48: 277-282.
Tharwat, M; Al-Sobayil, F; Ali, A and Buczinski, S (2012). Echocardiography of the normal camel (Camelus dromedaries) heart: technique and cardiac dimensions. BMC Vet. Res., 8: 130-138.
Thomas, W; Gaber, C; Jacobs, GJ; Kaplan, PM; Lombard, CW; Moise, NS and Moses, BL (1993). Recommendations for standards in transthoracic two-dimensional echocardiography in the dog and cat. J. Vet. Inter. Med., 7: 247-252.
Tibby, SM and Murdoch, IA (2002). Measurement of cardiac output and tissue perfusion. Curr. Opin. Pediatr., 14: 303-309.
Wanger, AE; Muir, WW and Hincheliff, KW (1991). Cardiovascular effects of xylazine and detomidine in horses. Am. J. Vet. Res., 52: 651-657.
Zarifi, M; Buczinski, S; Rezakhani, A; Dezfouli, MR and Khonsha, A (2012). Effect of lactation on functional and morphological echocardiographic variables in adult dairy cows. J. Vet. Cardiol., 14: 415-421. | ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 1,433 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 726 |
||