| تعداد نشریات | 24 |
| تعداد شمارهها | 852 |
| تعداد مقالات | 7,575 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 13,420,800 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 11,583,430 |
Anesthetic efficacy of ketamine, ketamine-tramadol and ketamine-ketorolac in chicks | ||
| Iranian Journal of Veterinary Research | ||
| مقاله 6، دوره 20، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 66، 2019، صفحه 33-38 اصل مقاله (190.47 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: Full paper (Original article) | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22099/ijvr.2019.5140 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| Y. J. Mousa* ؛ M. H. I. Al-Zubaidy | ||
| Department of Physiology, Biochemistry and Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Mosul, Mosul, Iraq | ||
| چکیده | ||
| Background: Ketamine produces ordinary general anesthesia characterized by weak hypnosis and analgesia leading to complications during surgical operations. Aims: The aim of this study was to evaluate the combination of ketorolac or tramadol to enhance ketamine anesthesia in 7 to 20-day-old chicks and its feasibility and practical application for induction of general anesthesia in veterinary medicine. Methods: Hypnotic and analgesic Median Effective Doses (ED50s) of ketamine alone and combination with tramadol or ketorolac were determined by the up-and-down method, then the ED50 values of these combinations were used for measurement of hypnotic and analgesic criteria moreover, their effect on serum Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST) and Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT) was assayed. Results: Ketamine hypnosis and analgesia were increased when mixed with tramadol (26 and 39%) or ketorolac (27 and 40%), respectively. Ketamine-ketorolac mixture was better combination of inducing the faster onset of anesthesia and short recovery with the longest duration of action and enhancing analgesia when compared to ketamine alone or in combination with tramadol and is preferred for induction of anesthesia. The liver function enzymes, including AST and ALT, showed no significant difference among all above mentioned groups. Conclusion: The data of this experimental study reveal the superiority of using ketorolac (instead of tramadol) in combination with ketamine for induction of general anesthesia in the chicks. | ||
| کلیدواژهها | ||
| analgesia؛ Anesthesia؛ ketamine؛ Ketorolac؛ Tramadol | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
Al-Zubaidy, MHI and Mohammad, FK (2005). Metoclo-pramide induced central nervous system depression in the chicken. Bio. Med. Cen. Vet. Res., 1: 6-10.
Botting, RM (2006). Inhibitors of cyclooxygenases: mechanisms, selectivity and uses. J. Physiol. Pharmacol., 57: 113-124.
Dawood, GAMF (2002). Pharmacological effects of alpha2-adrenoceptor agonists and their interactions with other analgesics in the chicken. Ph.D. Dissertation, Mosul, Mosul University. PP: 51-87.
Dixon, WJ (1980). Efficient analysis of experimental observations. Annu. Rev. Pharmacol. Toxicol., 20: 441-462.
Finkel, R; Clark, MA; Cubeddu, LX; Harvey, RA and Champe, PC (2009a). Lippincott’s illustrated reviews: pharmacology. 4th Edn., Philadelphia, USA, Williams and Wilkins. PP: 127-140.
Finkel, R; Clark, MA; Cubeddu, LX; Harvey, RA and Champe, PC (2009b). Lippincott’s illustrated reviews: pharmacology. 4th Edn., Philadelphia, USA, Williams and Wilkins. PP: 500-518.
Finkel, JC; Rose, JB and Schmitz, ML (2002). An evaluation of the efficacy and tolerability of oral tramadol hydrochloride tablet for the treatement of postsurgical pain in children. Anesth. Analg., 94: 1469-1473.
Gupta, S; Kapoor, BB; Mehta, N; Gupta, SD and Verma, S (2012). Comparative evaluation of a mixture of atracarium and tramadol or ketorolac as an adjunct to low dose lignocaine in intravenous regional anesthesia. J. Evol. Med. Den. Sci., 1: 1007-1014.
Hendarman, I; Triratna, S and Kamaludin, MT (2014). Ketorolac vs. tramadol for pain management after abdominal surgery in children. Paed. Indon., 54: 118-121.
Hilal-Dandan, R and Brunton, LL (2014). Goodman and Gilman’s manual of pharmacology and therapeutics. 2nd Edn., New York, USA, McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., PP: 301-320.
Jelinek, GA (2000). Ketorolac versus morphine for severe pain. Brit. Med. J., 321: 1236-1237.
Katz, MH (2006). Study design and statistical analysis: A practical guide for clinicians. 1st Edn., New York, USA, Cambridge University Press. PP: 66-119.
Mousa, YJ (2014). Anaesthetic properties of ketamine in chicks stressed with hydrogen peroxide. Vet. Med., 59: 369-375.
Mousa, YJ and Mohammad, FK (2012). The analgesic efficacy of xylazine and dipyrone in hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative stress in chicks. Iraqi J. Vet. Sci., 26: 69-76.
Natalini, CC and Robinson, EP (2000). Evaluation of analgesic effect of epidudurally administered morphine, alfentanil, butorphanol, tramadol and U50488H in horses. Am. J. Vet. Res., 61: 1579-1586.
Ollé, FG; Opisso, JL; Oferil, RF; Sánchez, PM; Calatayud, MR and Cabré, RI (2000). Ketorolac versus tramadol: comparative study of analgesic efficacy in the postoperative pain in abdominal hysterectomy. Rev. Esp. Anestesiol. Reanim., 47: 162-167.
Petrie, A and Watson, P (1999). Statistics for veterinary and animal sciences. 1st Edn., Oxford, Blackwell Science. PP: 90-140.
Plummer, DT (1987). An introduction to practical biochemistry. 3rd Edn., New York, USA, McGrew-Hill Co. Inc., PP: 182-188.
Rainer, TH; Jacobs, P; Ng, YC; Cheung, NK; Tam, M; Lam, PKW; Wong, R and Cocks, RA (2000). Cost effectiveness analysis of intravenous ketorolac and morphine for treating pain after limb injury: double blind randomised controlled trial. Brit. Med. J., 321: 1247-1251.
Reitman, S and Frankel, S (1957). A colorimetric method for the determination of serum glutamic oxaloacetic and glutamic pyruric transaminase. Am. J. Clin. Path., 28: 56-63.
Roder, JD; Amouzadeh, HR; Sangiah, S; Burrows, G and Quallis, CW (1993). Effects of hepatic P-450 enzyme inhibitors and inducers on the duration of xylazine + ketamine anesthesia in broiler chickens and mice. Vet. Hum. Toxicol., 35: 116-118.
Runyon, RP (1977). Non parametric statistics: a con-temporary approach. 1st Edn., Reading, Massachusetts, Addison-Wesley Publishing Co., PP: 2-217.
Ruskoaho, H and Karppanen, H (1984). Xylazine-induced sedation in chicks is inhibited by opiate receptor antagonists. Eur. J. Pharmacol., 100: 91-96.
Shankariah, M; Mishra, M and Kamath, RA (2012). Tramadol versus ketorolac in the treatment of postoperative pain following maxillofacial surgery. J. Maxillofac. Oral. Surg., 11: 264-270.
Smyth, EM and FitzGerald, GA (2009). Basic and clinical pharmacology. 11th Edn., New York, USA, McGrew-Hill Co. Inc., PP: 313-329.
Valle, M; Garrido, MJ; Pavon, JM; Calvo, R and Troconiz, IF (2000). Pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic modeling of the antinociceptive effect of main active metabolites of tramadol, (+) O-desmethyltramadol and (-) O-desmethyltramadol, in rats. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 293: 646-653. White, PF and Trevor, AJ (2009). Basic and clinical pharmacology. 11th Edn., New York, USA, McGrew-Hill Co. Inc., PP: 423-438.
Zaidi, R and Ahmed, A (2015). Comparison of ketorolac and low-dose ketamine in preventing tourniquet-induced increase in arterial pressure. Indian J. Anaesth., 59: 428-432. | ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 1,626 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 628 |
||