| تعداد نشریات | 24 |
| تعداد شمارهها | 867 |
| تعداد مقالات | 7,777 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 13,969,185 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 11,974,664 |
Immunostimulatory effect of the aqueous leaf extract of Phyllanthus niruri on the specific and nonspecific immune responses of Oreochromis mossambicus Peters | ||
| Iranian Journal of Veterinary Research | ||
| مقاله 9، دوره 17، شماره 3 - شماره پیاپی 56، 2016، صفحه 200-202 اصل مقاله (583.4 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: Short paper | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22099/ijvr.2016.3817 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| M. Muthulakshmi1؛ P. A. Subramani2؛ R. D. Michael* 3 | ||
| 1MSc in Zoology, Science Section, Government Higher Secondary School, Avadi, Chennai-600062, India | ||
| 2Ph.D. Student in Nanobiotechnology, Centre for Fish Immunology, School of Life Sciences, Vels University, Pallavaram, Chennai-600117, India | ||
| 3Centre for Fish Immunology, School of Life Sciences, Vels University, Pallavaram, Chennai-600117, India | ||
| چکیده | ||
| Plant derived immunostimulants are a promising alternative to chemotherapeutics and also perhaps vaccines. In the present study, we examined the immunostimulating properties of aqueous leaf extract of Phyllanthus niruri, an Indian traditional medicinal herb, on neutrophil activation and antibody response of Oreochromis mossambicus (Peters). Serial ten-fold diluted doses of P. niruri ranging from 0.002 mg to 20 mg were administered to two groups of O. mossambicus (n=8). One group of fishes was administered with sheep red blood cells and the primary and secondary antibody responses were estimated using direct haemagglutination assay. The other group of fishes was administered heat-aggregated BSA to assess the ability of plant extract to elicit neutrophil activation. Our results indicate a significant enhancement of both neutrophil activation and antibody response. Among the various doses tested, fishes administered 20 mg/kg body weight caused the maximal enhancement of both primary and secondary antibody response and 0.002 mg/kg showed higher neutrophil activation compared to that of the control group. This short study indicates that aqueous leaf extract of P. niruri has the potential to be used as an immunostimulant and after confirming its immunostimulatory properties by a battery of tests on other nonspecific and specific parameters and disease-protective property by challenging the fish with virulent fish pathogens, it can be used either as a routine feed supplement to activate the immune system of farmed fishes or as an adjuvant to enhance the efficacy of vaccines. | ||
| کلیدواژهها | ||
| Antibody response؛ Aqueous extract؛ Immunostimulant؛ Neutrophil activation | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
Anderson, DP (1992). Immunostimulants, adjuvants, and vaccine carriers in fish: applications to aquaculture. Annu. Rev. Fish Dis., 2: 281-307.
Annalakshmi, T; Syed Ali Fathima, KM; Xavier Innocent, B and Sivagurunathan, A (2013). Evaluation of immuno-stimulatory potential of Phyllanthus amarus in labeo rohita infected with Aeromonas hydrophila: haematological assessment. Int. J. Res. Ayurveda Pharm., 4: 96-100.
Bagalkotkar, G; Sagineedu, SR; Saad, MS and Stanslas, J (2006). Phytochemicals from Phyllanthus niruri Linn. and their pharmacological properties: a review. J. Pharm. Pharmacol., 58: 1559-1570.
Boim, MA; Heilberg, IP and Schor, N (2010). Phyllanthus niruri as a promising alternative treatment for nephro-lithiasis. Int. Braz. J. Urol., 36: 657-664 (discussion 664).
Eze, C (2014). Immunomodulatory activities of methanol extract of the whole aerial part of Phyllantus niruri L. J. Pharmacognosy Phytother., 6: 41-46. Gabriel, NN; Qiang, J; He, J; Ma, XY; Kpundeh, MD and Xu, P (2015). Dietary Aloe vera supplementation on growth performance, some haemato-biochemical para-meters and disease resistance against Streptococcus iniae in tilapia (GIFT). Fish Shellfish Immunol., 44: 504-514.
Ibrahim, M; Khan, M; Rinard, J and Mustafa, A (2015). Determination of effective dosage of Phyllanthus niruri to modulate stress in tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus. Bioeng. Biosci., 3: 68-71.
Kajita, Y; Sakai, M; Atsuta, S and Kobayashi, M (1990). The immunomodulatory effects of levamisole on Rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss. Fish Pathol., 25: 93-98.
Logambal, SM; Venkatalakshmi, S and Dinakaran Michael, RD (2000). Immunostimulatory effect of leaf extract of Ocimum sanctum Linn. in Oreochromis mossambicus (Peters). Hydrobiologia. 430: 113-120.
Michael, RD; Srinivas, SD; Sailendri, K and Muthukkaruppan, VR (1994). A rapid method for repetitive bleeding in fish. Indian J. Exp. Biol., 32: 838-839.
Nakano, K (1976). Studies on the role of macrophages in the antibody response of mice: the relationship between the immunogenicity of different forms of antigen and the mode of antigen handling by macrophages. J. Reticuloendothel Soc., 19: 361-374.
Narendra, K; Swathi, J; Sowjanya, K and Satya, AK (2012). Phyllanthus niruri: a review on its ethno botanical, phytochemical and pharmacological profile. J. Pharm. Res., 5: 4681-4691.
Nworu, CS; Akah, PA; Okoye, FB and Esimone, CO (2010a). Aqueous extract of Phyllanthus niruri (Euphorbiaceae) enhances the phenotypic and functional maturation of bone marrow-derived dendritic cells and their antigen-presentation function. Immunopharmacol. Immunotoxicol., 32: 393-401.
Nworu, CS; Akah, PA; Okoye, FB; Proksch, P and Esimone, CO (2010b). The effects of Phyllanthus niruri aqueous extract on the activation of murine lymphocytes and bone marrow-derived macrophages. Immunol. Invest., 39: 245-267.
Punitha, SMJ; Babu, MM; Sivaram, V; Shankar, VS; Dhas, SA; Mahesh, TC; Immanuel, G and Citarasu, T (2008). Immunostimulating influence of herbal biomedicines on nonspecific immunity in Grouper Epinephelus tauvina juvenile against Vibrio harveyi infection. Aquacult. Int., 16: 511-523.
Reverter, M; Bontemps, N; Lecchini, D; Banaigs, B and Sasal, P (2014). Use of plant extracts in fish aquaculture as an alternative to chemotherapy: current status and future perspectives. Aquaculture. 433: 50-61.
Vaseeharan, B and Thaya, R (2014). Medicinal plant derivatives as immunostimulants: an alternative to chemo-therapeutics and antibiotics in aquaculture. Aquacult. Int., 22: 1079-1091.
Venkatalakshmi, S and Michael, RD (2001). Immuno-stimulation by leaf extract of Ocimum sanctum Linn. in Oreochromis mossambicus (Peters). J. Aquacult. Trop., 16: 1-10.
Venkateswaran, PS; Millman, I and Blumberg, BS (1987). Effects of an extract from Phyllanthus niruri on hepatitis B and woodchuck hepatitis viruses: in vitro and in vivo studies. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 84: 274-278.
one; tab-stops:14.2pt'>Tokimura, M; Yamada, U and Irie, T (1995). Comments on taxonomy and distributions of the species of Trichiurus in the East China andYellowSeas and adjacent waters. Seikaku Suisan Kenkyusho News. 80: 12-14.
UNEP (United Nations Environment Programme) (1999). Overview on land-based sources and activities affecting the marine environment in the ROPME Sea area. UNEP/GPA Coordination Office & ROPME. P: 127.
Yamada, U; Shirai, S; Irie, T; Tokimura, M; Deng, S; Zheng, Y; Li, CS; Kim, YU and Kim, YS (1995). Names and illustrations of fishes from the East China Sea and the Yellow Sea. Tokyo, Overseas Fishery Cooperation Foundation. P: xi+288. | ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 1,628 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 1,363 |
||