| تعداد نشریات | 24 |
| تعداد شمارهها | 882 |
| تعداد مقالات | 7,867 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 14,715,675 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 12,560,197 |
Energy use pattern of paddy production systems in khuzestan province, iran | ||
| Iran Agricultural Research | ||
| مقاله 7، دوره 35، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 70، دی 2016، صفحه 47-56 اصل مقاله (481.6 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: Full Article | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22099/iar.2016.3779 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| M.A. Hormozi* 1؛ A. Abdeshahi2؛ M. A. Asoodar1؛ D.C. Baruah3 | ||
| 1Department of Agricultural Machinery and Mechanization, Ramin Agriculture and Natural Resources University of Khuzestan, Mollasani, Khuzestan, I.R. Iran | ||
| 2Department of Agricultural Economics, Ramin Agriculture and Natural Resources University of Khuzestan, Mollasani, Khuzestan, I.R.Iran | ||
| 3Department of Energy, Tezpur University, Tezpur, Assam, India | ||
| چکیده | ||
| ABSTRACT- Energy use patterns and the contribution of energy input vary among farming systems. The optimal use of improved farm machinery coupled with the optimal use of other recommended sources permit an increase in paddy yield up to potential levels. In order to determine the effect of production systems on energy use efficiency focusing on mechanization for paddy production in Khuzestan province, a survey was conducted in the fourth largest rice producing region of Iran. The data were collected by interviewing the farmers using a questionnaire through two-staged cluster sampling of 295 households from these two regions covered farm operations over the period 2009-2010. The surveyed households were grouped into five categories based on the method of crop planting and drainage conditions. The energy input of paddy production systems ranged from 55,000 to 180,000 mega joules per hectare. This high amount of energy applied to paddy production in Khuzestan province is mainly due to the high amount of energy consumed by pumping water. This critical operation led to energy ratios below one for systems recognized as more mechanized. Energy consumption through diesel and electricity which was used for irrigation purposes and machinery operations was the maximum (up to 93%). The second highest energy input source was chemical fertilizer which consumed 4 to 57% of the total energy input. An operation-wise energy use analysis revealed that harvesting and tillage operations are important consumers of energy in paddy production. The rice crop showed a low energy ratio and energy productivity, indicating an energy-expensive crop under the conditions prevailing in the province. | ||
| کلیدواژهها | ||
| Keywords:؛ paddy؛ energy productivity؛ operational energy؛ production systems | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
Baruah, D.C., & Bora, G.C. (2008). Energy demand forecast for mechanized agriculture in rural India. Energy Policy, 36, 2628–2636.
Baruah, D.C., Das, P.K., & Dutta, P.K. (2004). Present status and future demand for energy for bullock-operated paddy-farms in Assam (India). Applied Energy, 79, 145–157.
BockariGevao, S.M., WanIshak, W.I., Azmi, Y., & Chan, C.W. (2005). Analysis of energy consumption in lowland rice-based cropping system of Malaysia. Songklanakarin Journal of Science and Technology, 27(4), 819-826.
Chamsing, A., Salokhe, V., & Singh, G. (2006).Energy consumption analysis for selected crops in different regions of Thailand. Agricultural Engineering International: The CIGR Ejournal, EE 06 013, Vol, VIII.
Chauhan, N.S., Mohapatra, P.K.J., & Pandey, K.P. (2006).Improving energy productivity in paddy production through bench marking an application of data envelopment analysis. EnergyConservation Management, 47, 1063–1085.
Demircan, V., Ekinci, K., Keener, H.M., Akbolat, D., & Ekinci, C. (2006). Energy and economic analysis of sweet cherry production in Turkey: a case study from Isparta Province. Energy Conservation Management, 47, 1761–1769.
FAO.(2013). Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nation Statistics. Available from: http://www.faostat.fao.org.
Freeman, S.M. (1980). Modification of traditional rice production practices in the developing world: An energy efficiency analysis. Agro-Ecosystems, 6, 129–146.
Hormozi, M.A., Asoodar, M.A., & Abdeshahi, A. (2012). Impact of mechanization on technical efficiency: A case study of rice farmers in Iran. Procedia Economics and Finance, 1, 176–185.
Hormozi, M.A., Asoodar, M.A., Abdeshahi, A. & Baruah, D.C. (2013). The Role of Water Pumping in Energy Efficiency of Rice Cropping Systems in Khuzestan Province, Iran. International Journal of Agriculture: Research and Review, 3(1), 96-102.
JOKP. (2007). Status report of rice production in Khuzestan province Jihad–Agriculture Organization of Khuzestan Province. Ahvaz.
Kitani, O. (1999). CIGR handbook of agricultural engineering.Energyand biomass engineering, vol 5. St Joseph. MI: ASAE Publication.
Mikkola, H.I., & Ahokas, J. (2010). Indirect energy input of agricultural machinery in bioenergy production: review. Renewable Energy, 35, 23–28.
MJA.(2010). Annual agricultural statistics, Ministry of Jihad-e-Agriculture of Iran. Available from: http://www.maj.ir/portal/Home/Default.aspx?CategoryID=20ad5e49-c727-4bc9-9254-de648a5f4d52.
Nassiri, S.M., & Singh, S. (2009). Study on energy use efficiency for paddy crop using data envelopment analysis (DEA) technique. Applied Energy, 86, 1320–1325.
PishgarKomleh, S.H., Keyhani, A., Rafiee, S., & Sefeedpary, P. (2011b).Energy use and economic analysis of corn silage production under three cultivated area levels in Tehran province of Iran. Energy, 36, 3335–3341.
PishgarKomleh, S.H., Sefeedpari, P., & Rafiee, S. (2011a). Energy and economic analysis of rice production under different farm levels in Guilan province of Iran. Energy, 36, 5824–5831.
Singh. S., Bhushan, L., Ladha, J.K., Gupta, R.K., Rao, A.N., & Sivaprasad, B. (2006). Weed management in dry-seeded rice (Oryza sativa) cultivated on furrow irrigated raised bed planting system. Crop Protection, 25, 487–495.
Singh, S., Singh, M.P., & Bakhshi, R. (1990). Unit energy consumption for paddy-wheat rotation. Energy Conservation Management, 30(2), 121–125.
Zarasvandi, A., Carranza, E.J.M., Moore, F., & Rastmanesh, F. (2011).Spatio-temporal occurrences and mineralogical–geochemical characteristics of airborne dusts in Khuzestan province (southwestern Iran). Journal of Geochemical Exploration, 111, 138–151. | ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 2,534 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 2,593 |
||