| تعداد نشریات | 24 |
| تعداد شمارهها | 886 |
| تعداد مقالات | 7,900 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 14,905,363 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 12,668,134 |
Acoustic Analysis of Persian EFL Learners' Pronunciation of English Vowels | ||
| Teaching English as a Second Language Quarterly | ||
| مقاله 7، دوره 33، شماره 3، دی 2014، صفحه 135-153 اصل مقاله (313.82 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: Research Paper | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22099/jtls.2015.2899 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| Vahid Sadeghi1؛ Farnaz Sadat Taghavi* 2 | ||
| 1Faculty of Humanity, Department of Language Teaching Imam Khomeini International University Qazvin, Iran | ||
| 2Faculty of Humanity, Department of Language Teaching Rasht Branch, Payam Noor University, Rasht, Iran fs.taghavi@yahoo.com | ||
| چکیده | ||
| This paper reports the results of an experimental study on non-native production of English vowels. Two groups of Persian EFL learners varying in language proficiency were tested on their ability to produce the nine plain vowels of American English. Vowel production accuracy was assessed by means of acoustic measurements. Ladefoged and Maddison’s (1996) F1 F2 measurements for American English vowel space were used as reference values to be compared with the measurements obtained from the production of Persian EFL learners. The acoustic measurements revealed that learners were not able to control acoustic parameters of vowel quality, even for the more similar vowels in the two languages, in a native-like manner due to interference from their native vowel system. Spectral accuracy measures also did not progress toward more native-like values in the productions of the more proficient learners. Interestingly, the positions achieved for the more dissimilar vowels were neither close to their closest L1 counterparts nor close to their native categories. Interpreting this latter result within the Perceptual Assimilation Model proposed by Best (1994), it could be stated that learners established new phonetic categories for the vowel contrasts that were not used in their native phonological system. | ||
| کلیدواژهها | ||
| English and Persian Vowel Spaces؛ Formant Frequencies؛ Language Category؛ Speech Learning Model؛ Perceptual Assimilation Model | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
Best, C. T. (1994). The Emergence of Native-Language Phonological Influences in Infants: A Perceptual Assimilation Model. In: C. Goodman, & H. C. Nusbaum (Eds.). The development of speech perception (pp. 167-224). Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press Birdsong, D. (2007). Native like Pronunciation among Late Learners of French as a Second Language. In: O. S. Bohn, & M. Munro (Eds.). Language experience in second language speech learning. In honor of James E. Flege (pp. 99-116). Amsterdam: John Benjamins. Boersma, P., & Weenink, D. (2008). Praat: Doing Phonetics by Computer (Version 5.0.36) [Computer Program]. Retrieved from http:// www.praat.org/. Bohn, O. S., & Flege, J. E. (1997). Perception and Production of a new Vowel Category by Adult Second Language Learners. In: A. James, & J. Leather (Eds.). Second language speech : Structure and process (pp. 53-74). Berlin and New York: Mouton de Gruyter. Bongaerts, T. (1999). Ultimate Attainment in L2 Pronunciation: the Case of Very Advanced late L2 learners. In: D. Birdsong (Ed.). Second language acquisition and the critical period hypothesis (pp. 133-159). Mahwah: Erlbaum. Chen, H., Cheung, H., Wong, O., Hills, M. (2001). The development of phonological awareness: Effects of spoken language experience and orthography. Cognition, 81(3). 227-241. Elsevier. Flege, J. E., (1987). Effects of Equivalence Classification on the Production of Foreign Language Speech Sounds. In: J. Leather, & A. James (Eds.). Sound patterns in second language acquisition. Dordrecht: Foris Publications. Flege, J. E. (1995). Second Language Speech Learning: Theory, Finding, and Problems. In: W. Strange (Ed.). Speech perception, and linguistic experience (pp. 233-277). Baltimore: York Press. Flege, J. E. (2003). Methods for Assessing the Perception of Vowels in a Second Language: a Categorail Discrimination Test. In: E. Fava, & A. Mioni (Eds.). Issues in Clinical Linguistics 19-44. Padova: Unipress. Flege, J. E., Bohn, O. S., & Jang, S. (1997). The production and perception of English vowels by native speakers of German, Korean, Mandarin and Spanish. Journal of Phonetics, 25, 437-470. Flege, J. E., MacKay, I. R. A., & Meador, D. (1999). Native Italian speakers’ production and perception of English vowels. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 106, 2973-2987. Flege. J. E., Schirru, C., & MacKay, H. R. A. (2003). Interaction between the native and second language phonetic subsystems. Speech Communications, 40, 467-491. Flege, J. E., Yeni-Komshian, G., & Liu, S. (1999). Age constraints on second language acquisition. Journal of Memory and Language, 41, 78-104. Johnson, J. S., & Newport, E. L. (1989). Critical period effects in second language learning: The Influence of Maturational State on the Acquisition of English as a Second Language. Cognitive Psychology, 21, 60-99. Ladefoged, P., & Maddison, I. (1996). The sounds of the world’s languages. Blackwell Publishers. Pallier, C., Bosch, L., & Sebastian-Galles, N. (1997). A limit on behavioral plasticity in speech perception. Cognition 64(3): 9-17.Elsevier. Selinker, L. (1972). Interlanguage. International Review of Applied Linguistics in Language Teaching. 10. 209-231. Sluijter, A. & Van Heuven, V. (1996). Spectral balance as an acoustic correlate of linguistic stress. J. Acoust. Soc.Am. N. 100 (4). PP. 2471-2485. Strange, W. (2007). Selective perception, perceptual modes, and automaticity in first- and second-Language speech processing. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 122.1111-1129. Zhang, Y., & Nissen, S. L., & Francis, A.L. (2008). Acoustic characteristics of English lexical stress produced by Mandarin speakers. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 123(6): 4498-4513. Zhang, Y., Francis, A. (2010). The weighting of vowel quality in native and non-native listeners’ perception of English lexical stress. Journal of Phonetics, 38(2), 260-271.
| ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 3,214 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 2,777 |
||